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~ Heart Disease (Cancer)
~ Comparison of vitamin & mineral content with # of kcals
~ Comparison of the calorie content of a food with weight of food
~ foods with < 1.5 kcals/gm
~ foods with > 4 kcals/gm
~ generally foods with high amounts of fats, sugars and cals
~ prepared foods (bread, drinks, canned foods, cereal, etc..)
~ serving size + servings per container
~ calories per serving
~ percent daily values
~ Potassium + vitamin D are now required
~ Added sugars vs. total sugars
~ Monosaccharides
~ galactose (lactose)
~maltose (2 glucose)
~ lactose (milk sugar)
~ dietary fiber
~ storage form of glucose
~ stored in liver + muscle
~ Limited storage capacity
~ Broken down when blood glucose levels are low
~ blood glucose levels
~ Insulin (glucose levels rise)
~ No synthetic fertilizers, or pesticides used in the last 2-3 years
~ Irradiation
~ Epidemiologic studies
~ Laboratory Animal studies
~ Clinical Trials
~ single blind - participants unaware
~ Informed consent - may leave at any time
~ animal housing + handling strictly regulate
1). Make an observation
2). Ask a question
3). Form a hypothesis
~ Must disclose when publishing
~ Double blind studies diminish chance of bias
~ Nutrient dense foods have few kcals + high # of nutrients
~ Double blind - participants + researchers
~ foods that have lots of fiber & water
~ Glucose (blood sugar)
~ fructose (fruits)
~ sucrose (table suar)
~ starch
~ limit foods and portion size