british india - WWII
what value was central to Neo confucianism?
Filial piety
when chinas emperors incorprate neo conficianism into the civil service exams?
1100CE
did mongol yuan rulers keep neo confucian ideas?
yes
What dynasty said all bureacrats must pass the civil service exam?
Ming
Canton system timeline
1700-1850
when did china depend on silver from New Spain to run markets etc?
late 1500s
What was a requirement for foreign merchants under the Canton System?
To register and report their activities
Which group of merchants was licensed by government officials to conduct foreign trade?
The Cohong merchants
What was a primary reason the Ming Emperors struggled with import control?
Inability to manage the economy
What was the Qing emperors' initial response to the growing opium problem?
To attempt to restrict opium imports
The Canton System's main goal for the Qing dynasty was to maintain:
Cultural and economic control.
What specific action by the Qing police in 1839 served as a pretext for British invasion?
Seizing and destroying opium
What was a significant social consequence of the opium trade in China?
Widespread addiction among the populace
Under the Canton System, where was all foreign trade restricted to?
Guangzhou
What was the approximate time span of the Canton System?
1700-1850
The British use of the opium seizure in 1839 was primarily to justify what action?
Launching a military invasion
When did efforts to restrict opium imports by the Qing emperors begin to fail significantly?
Late 1700s
How did British traders primarily acquire silver from China under the Canton System?
By selling opium
Why did the Manchu Qing emperors manage foreign material and cultural imports?
To limit foreign influence
How did the Imperial control under the Canton System affect modern European empires?
It hindered their expansion
The dependence on silver from New Spain helped run markets and raise taxes, but also led to what in the mid-1600s?
A major economic crash
What was the approximate timeframe for the Opium Wars?
1839-1860
Which dynasty recognized the importance of managing foreign trade and culture?
The Qing Dynasty
Which company was largely responsible for cultivating opium on plantations for trade with China?
The British East India Company
What factors contributed to the failure of China's opium restriction efforts?
High demand and corrupt traders
What was a primary frustration for Britain's industrializing economy regarding China?
Lack of access to China's markets
Why did millions of people in China become addicted to opium?
The British East India Co. grew it.
During the late 1500s, what was a significant source of silver for China?
New Spain
The centralized control over vital imports primarily enabled what for the Qing?
Political stability and order
The Canton System's requirement for silver payments caused what issue for the British?
A trade deficit with China
What ultimately led to the end of the Canton System?
British invasions and opium trade