Midterm
VIM
a text editor that uses the CLI.
Normal Mode
The mode in VIM that allows you to type in commands. Press esc to enter ______ mode.
Insert Mode
The mode in VIM that allows you to add text to the file. Press "i" to enter _____ mode.
How to open a file with VIM on the CLI
vim <filename>
How to save and exit vim
"wq"
VIM Command "yy"
Copies the line
VIM Command "p"
paste
VIM Command "dd"
Deletes line and stores in clipboard
VIM Command "gg"
go to first line
VIM Command "G"
Go to last line
VIM Command "u"
undo
VIM Command "r"
redo
VIM Command "gg=G"
Reformats Indentation of Entire Program
Unix
The first operating system writtten in a "high level programming language" (C).
Absolute Path
The path from the root directory (very top directory) all the way to the directory/file. The absolute path will always begin with a forward slash. This first slash is the symbol for the root directory, and the slashes after that separate parent and child directories. (practice witting a root path)
Relative Path
Starts at the current working directory instead of the root. Note that we do not begin the relative path with a forward slash. (practice writing a relative path)
Unix Command "ls"
list directory
Unix Command "cd"
Change Directory
Unix Command mkdir
Make Directory
Unix Command rm
Deletes a file
Unix Command rmdir
Removes a directory
Unix Command ssh
Remote access a computer
Unix Command scp
Downloads a file from a remote computer
Unix Command whoami
Prints user's username
Unix Command clear
Clears the command line
mv
Moves a file from directory 1 to directory 2
#include <limits>
Allows you to use numeric limits
cin.clear()
Clears the cin of fail state
cin.fail();
returns true if cin is in the fail state
cin.ignore()
cin.ignore() takes two arguments, a number and a character. It will ignore until it reads the specified character OR until it's already ignored X number of characters, whichever comes first. For example, cin.ignore(5, 'r') will ignore 5 characters or will ignore until it reads an 'r'
How to cin.ignore() until a certain characte
cin.ignore(numeric_limits<streamsize>::max(), <character>);
How does cin work with if statements
Idk what to tell you just understand it
What to include for input output manipulation
#include <iomanip>
#include <iostream>
The only non persistent manipulator
setw();
setw()
sets width of cout
setfill()
Changes what extra spaces will be. USES A CHAR NOT A STRING
left
left justifiies
right
right jusities
setprecision()
sets the decimal precision
fixed
Gets rid of scientific notation when using setprecision
showpoint/ noshowpoint
Allows whats after the decimal point to be visible or not
scientific
Opposite of fixed
hex/ dec/ oct
Sets the base that ints will be displayed in
Vector header
#include <vector>
Vector decleration format
Vector <int> intVector1;
push_back();
Resizes the vector plus 1 and adds the thing in the first cell
resize(a ,b)
Resizes a vector to a cells with b value being the default for new ones
clear();
Resizes vector to 0
.at();
Pulls the value at that cell in the array
.size();
returns the size of the vector
Filestreams
A way of reading and writing from files like we do from the console.
Steps for filestream setup
1. Include the <fstream> header
2. ifstream fin;
3. fin.open();
4. fin << or >>
5. fin.close();
.open()
Opens the file in the string
is_open()
Detects if there is an open file
.close();
closes the file
.fail();
returns true if the file couldn't be opened
getline(a,b,c);
a is the fin, b is the line, c is delimiter
Argc
The number of arguments in the command line. Argument count. Int
Argv
The array of arguments in the command line. Argument values. Array of c-style strings
What's in argv[0]?
The file name
.str()
like .open but for stringstreams
.clear()
clears the string stream. Must be done before .str();