sfp - semi finished products
textile 2D sfp
flber mats and fleeces
non knitted systems
knitted fabric
non knitted system
not crimp fanrics
weaves
braided items
classification sfp
fiber mat: chopped mat, continous
chopped short fiber
roving
woven fabric
laminate
dis advantage of tsf
-dispersion of it in the air
-handling is critical in term of fiber deviation
-mechanical properties of manufactured part are below prepeg properties
-undulation results in reduced mechanical properties
advantage of tsf
-high degree of automation
-high variablity in component geometry and fiber structure
-dry processing
-possible to stitch with other semi finished product
process step of tsf
-fiber production(fiber sizing directly after fiber drawing)
-filamination firmation
-construction of surface(washing of textile fabrics to remove the size
apply the finish,adhesion,improving layer)
-filamination formation
-perform
influence factor in tsf processing
-drapeanility /textile structureتراوش پذیری
-fiber sliding behaviour
-impregnability/permeability نفوذ پذیری و نفوذ ناپذیری
influence factor in tsf component properties
-fiber oriantation
-fiber volume fraction
-ou of plan prperties
textile 1D sfp products
yarn and rovings
appliction of fiber sizing in 1D
-surface treatment of the fiber for improving processing
-protection of folaminant against shear and friction
-prevention of electrostatic charge
what is filament in 1D tsf
-filament is a single fiber and the basic component for roving,yarn
-high strength reinforced fibers with s diameter between 7-25 ..avaiable
-the filament package density describe the distribution of fibers in a bundle.
roving
-fiber bundle consist of continuous almost parallel filaments.
-defined by fineness of the fiber and number of filaments.
-yarn count(titre)
wieght of roving by 1km length
yarn
made from rovings with a twist of up to 40 t/m
twine
-made from per yarns,has up to 180 t/m
-improved weaving pricess
-reduction in impregnation properties and composite properties
2D fiber mats amd fleeces
-chopped fiber mats
-continues fiber mat
-fleeces
chopped fiber mats
-long or short fiber most commen are 25-30
-very often used with UP resin
-random orientaion of fiber
-hold together by adhesive,binder or topstitching steam
-quasi isotropic behaviour
-thermoset and thermoplastic matrix is pissible
continous fiber
-contious fiber or not chopped
-fiber are connected by binder
-random oriantation
fleeces
-non woven fabric
-high surface quality pissible
-dry and wet production with random or partly oriented finers pissible.
no crimp fabric
-planar,non woven semi finished product
-layered stack of multiple UD
non crimp fabric
plannar: roving is parallel next to eachother
cohesion over the area is reached by adhesive or weft threads
non crimp fabric classification
unidirectional (UD)
Bidirectional
-ud:parallel oriented roving
-max reinforcement only in fiber direction
-laminate achieve higher stiffness and strength in warp direction
bio: in contrast to woven fabric,laminates are created by stacking of multiple layers instead of weaving
2 or more ud layer oriented in defiend layer
**layers are not woven-they are positioned on top of each other
**connection by threads
multiaxial laminate
-properties are isotropic
-oftentimes laminates with 45 steps
-limited formability
advantage
*less scrap after processing
*less warpage
*very good mechanical properties
weaves
consist of :
warp yarnنخ تار
weft yarn نخ پود
warp yarn
finers in weaves or laminates that are parallel to the selvedges
weft yarn
these fibers are rectangular to weaves or laminates. they are contious fiber
sheat
intersecting threads(warp and weft)
laminate
multiple layer of textile after impregnation and curing
drapeablity
describe how well a sfp can adjust to a certain geometry
slippage resistance
resistance with a sfp against roving movement during handling
bidirectional weave
--90 oriented fiber orientation
--in both main direction very similar strength and stiff ess properties
mixed weave
--varing fiber type in weft and warp direction
--structural can be adjusted according to applied liad(reduction in cost by using low cost fibers in weft direction)
hybrid weaves
--combination of individual benefits of different fiber type(eg:stiffness of corbon fiber and toughness of aramid fiber)
--the different finer are each used in warp and weft direction.
weaves type
plain weave
twill weave
satin weave
mock leno weave
plain weave
-weft yar crossing alternating above and underneath of warp yarn
-high structural stability but low drapeability
-limited strength and stifness
-high slipage and cuting resistance
-preferably used for planar or shell like structure
twill weave
-weft yarn is guided two warp yarn and the at least underneath one mostly two warp yarns
-very good drapeablity
-low slippage resistance
-strength and stifness sligthly higher than for plain weave(less undulation)نوسان حرکت موجی
satin/atlas weave
the weft yarn goes over more warp yarn and then under either the same number or fewer warp yarns.
-very high suppleness انعطاف پذیری
-very low slipage resistance
-with identical fiber type and area weight,atlas weave has the best mechanical priperties
-result in very good surface quality
comparing woven fabric and non crimp fabric(very good)
handling :plain weave
slippage strength: plain weave
drapeability: atlas weave,non crimp fabric
laminate strength: non crimp fabric
permeability: non crimp fabric
defirmation non crimp fabric and woben fabrics
with a layer: angle variation due to shearing, fiber elongation under tensile stress,wrinkingچروک شدن
,fiber elongation can be neglected
with in the laminate: displacement of the fiber layers to each other
braided items(2d,3d)
it is areas or body structure with clise fabric appearance and with regular threads density
-high reproductivity
-self supporting finer structure
-no delamination
-higher tolerance regarding impact
thread structure of braiding
angle of twist between 20 and 70
with and without 0 thread (filler yarn)
2 or 3 dimensional
component geometry of braiding
tublar part
folded profile
flange,branch
curved profile
variable core scope,variable core cross section
knitted fabric
-it isnot widely used due to reduced fiber properties caused numeshstructure
-it offergood shaping abilites ,making itversatile for flat structure complex shape
-itis econically viable only theae aspesific is needed
-working with knitted fabric, with cabonfiber,poses challenges due to perpenducular forcesvacting onfiber
structure of knitted fiber
-open/close
-flat/curve
- flexible/stiff
-nofiber insertion in course becasue this reduce the drapeabilityپوشاندن
3d knitten fabric
-contain load bearing fiberin z direction
-enourmouse increase in thedamage tolerance
-very complex and expensive manufacturing
-it is not pissible to introduce 45 layer
drapeability
2d knitted items
fleeces
2d braided ,2d weaves
3d. braided and weaves, UD laminates
spacer fabric
-top layer connected in distance by fiber
-sandwich like structure are achied after impregnation and curing
-good impact properties
-continuse produuction feasible
-limited drapeability
technical stitching(3d)
-roving isdeposed by guiding device on to base material
-fixed by sticking with a pinhead
-known as TFP tailored fiber placement
swing(3d)
-high dgree of automation pissible
-reinfocement is adjustable by fiber orientation and density
-improveddelamination
application
-conecting several textile to create a versatile preform
-3 dimentional reinforcement