Art B1 Midterm Study
BCE and CE stand for
Before The Common Era AND Common Era
The two different categories of shapes are geometric and
Organic
In linear perspective, the point of convergence on the horizon line is called the
vanishing point
When an artist makes objects with strong color take on a blue-gray middle value as they get further away, they are using
atmospheric perspective
The primary colors are
Red, Yellow, Blue
The secondary colors are
Green, Orange, Purple
____. colors can be found on opposite sides of the color wheel.
complementary
____. colors fall adjacent to each other on the color wheel.
Analogous
If a work can be cut in half and each side looks exactly (or nearly exactly) the same, then it is ____ balanced.
Symetrically
This type of analysis looks at the visual elements and principles of design in an artwork.
Formal
Prehistoric refers to the period ____ written history
Before
The most reliable way of dating prehistoric art is with
Radiocarbon dating
Most prehistoric handheld female sculptures are referred to as ____ figures
venus
The first paintings in the world were ____ paintings
cave
The pyramids are ____ for pharaohs
tombs
____ is referred to as the Cradle of Civilization and includes the regions of modern Iraq and portions of Syria, Turkey, and Iran.
Mesopotamia
One of the most important innovations of the Sumerian culture was their writing system called
cuneiform
This woman is regarded as one of the great female leaders in the Egyptian dynasties:
Queen Hatshepsut
After the Sumerian culture, Mesopotamia developed into these three distinct cultures:
Assyrian, Babylonian, and Persian
Stonehenge is located in
England
The main difference between Greek and Roman sculptures of figures is that the Greeks idealized faces, whereas the Romans gave ____ characteristics to the faces.
individual
This sculptural process involves using the hands to shape clay:
Modeling
This sculptural process uses tools, such as a hammer and chisel, to remove parts of the material:
Carving
This sculptural process involves a clay model covered in a layer of wax and then covered in plaster or clay. When it is heated, the wax melts to allow molten metal to be poured into the resulting mold:
Metal Casting
Initially, the Romans acquired marble from the Greeks, then they discovered a white marble that was as good or better in the town of Carrera in Northern _____
Italy
Early Jewish and Christian art was made in Roman ____ which were carved from the tufa stone underground.
catacombs
A(n) ____ is a small religious image worshipped by Christian believers.
Icon
A ____ is when believers travel to holy sites where significant religious events occur or where relics are kept.
pilgrimage
One of the most important and prestigious forms of art during the Gothic period was the ____ in the cathedrals.
stained-glass windows
An illuminated ____ is a handwritten text complemented by pictures and decoration
manuscript
A(n) _______ is a picture or pattern created by fixing together small pieces of stone, glass, tile, etc.
Mosaic
_______ painting is an ancient technique of troweling wet lime plaster on a wall or ceiling and painting the wet plaster with a scene. When the plaster dried, the painting became permanent and lasted until the plaster was damaged.
Fresco
_______ relief, French for “low relief,” is a type of carving on stone, wood, or rock to give a three-dimensional look.
Bas
Hagia Sophia is located in Istanbul, _______, and has served as a Greek Orthodox church, a mosque, a basilica, and now a museum.
Turkey
The Dome of the Rock, completed in 691 CE, is part of a _______ complex located on the Temple Mount in the Old City of Jerusalem and is considered one of the oldest intact works of Islamic art.
mosque
The Dome of the Rock was built over a sacred rock site to protect the place where _______ is believed to have journeyed to heaven and united with the other prophets.
Muhammad
The Romanesque style of architecture is characterized by _______ as opposed to the pointed ones of the Gothic style.
round arches
A characteristic of many Romanesque religious paintings is _______, which puts Christ at the center top and bigger than other figures, announcing he is the most important person in the painting.
hierarchical scale
An arch built on the exterior of a building that transfers some of the weight of the vault is called a _______.
flying buttress
Much of the artwork used to decorate Gothic cathedrals was aimed at teaching the general public, who were most often _______.
illiterate