elcatrcity quiz
electricty
generated from the motion of tiny charged atomic particles called electrons and protons
electron and protons
electrons-negative
protons- postive
interact to create electrical force
like charges repel unlike attract
nuetral atoms
no net charge electrons and protons balenced
electrostatic charge
the charge on an ion
friction
rubbing ojects cause transfer of electrons force that occurs when ojects rub togther
conduction
chrged object contacts another object resulting in transfer of electrons the movement or transmission of electrons through a substance
induction
charged object comes close to ither object which causes electrons to rearrange in the second object
static electrcity
two objects rub against each other electrons transfer and build up on an objectcausing it have a different charge then its surroundings
electron affinaty
the tendancy of a substance to hold on to electrons
cation
positive
anion
negative
shock
happens because of electrical induction
electrical conductors
materials that can move electrons easily metals
electrical nonconductors and insulators
materials that do not move electrons easily rubber
semiconductors
can behave as both electrical conductors and eletrical nonconductors silicon
electrical discharge/lightning
the passing of an electric current through the air from a negativly charged object to a positive charged obeject
grounding
the process of connecting charged objects to the earths surface
voltage
the difference in electrical energy between two points in a circuit
current
the flow of electrical charge in a circuit
ampere
measure of how much electrical current is flowing
resistance
the degree to which a substance opposes the flow of electric current through it
battery
a combination of electrochemical cells changes chemical energy into electrical energy
electrodes
metal strips that react with an electrolyte
electroyte
an ionic substance that conducts electrical charge
dry cells
electrochemical cell that uses paste instrad of a liquid electrolyte
wet cell
electrochemical call that uses a liquid electrolyte
circuit
a complete patg in which electrons can flow
alternating current
the back and forth of elctrolyte current at regular intervals called cycles
direct current
the flow of electric current in one direction
open and closed circuits
cloed one pathwagvis complea
open- one pathway is broken
series
provides single parhway for current if circuit breakd all devices fail
parallel
multuple pathways for current if broken some devices may still work
kirchoffs laws
tells us how Voltage current and resistance are related in different circuits
series v-each old uses portion of total energy of battery c-total current same
r-increase with more resistors
parellal-v-each load uses all of total energy of battery C-divides all different pathways r-decreases with more resistors
short circuits
an accidentallow resistance connectionbetween two points in a circuit dangerous because can over heat
switch
a device that turns the circujt ob or of by closing or opening the circuit
how is electric current generated?
magnet+copper wire+motion=electricity
sources used to make electrcity
rhermal geothermal nuclear hydroelectric wind solar
solar
uses the sun to either boul water or directly converts solar energy into elecrtical energy
ocean thermal energy conversion
uses temperature differences between different depths of ocean water to drive a heat engine
biomass energy
municipal solid waste-burning wastes to drive heat engines
geothermal energy
based on naturally occuring heat in the earth due to radioactive decay
tidal energy
uses the gravitational pull of the moon on our oceans
how do we get elextricity
powerplants transmission lines substations powerlines transformers