cw 2
There are two theories which can explain the existing global stratification
Modernization Theory and Dependency Theory
It specifically pinpoints two historical events that contributed to Western Europe developing at a faster rate than much of the rest of the world.
MODERNIZATION THEORY
This theory frames global stratification as a function of technological and cultural differences between nations
MODERNIZATION THEORY
This exchange worked out so well for the European countries and these countries gained agricultural staples, like potatoes and tomatoes, which contributed to population growth and provided new opportunities for trade, while strengthening the power of the merchant class.
COLUMBIAN EXCHANGE
It refers to the spread of goods, technology, education and diseases between the Americas and Europe after Christopher Columbus’ so-called “discovery of the Americas”.
COLUMBIAN EXCHANGE
It happened during the 18th and 19th Centuries.
INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION
This is when new technologies like steam power and mechanization , allowed countries to replace human labor with machines and increase productivity. This revolution at first only benefited the wealthy in Western countries
INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION
This theory therefore sees that most of the countries who are less developed are more steeped in their culture and traditions and therefore not willing to adopt new technologies that is why they were left behind.
MODERNIZATION THEORY
A society that is more stuck in family systems and traditions may be less willing to adopt new technologies and the new social systems that often accompany them.
MODERNIZATION THEORY
argues that the tension between tradition and technological change is the biggest barrier to growth.
MODERNIZATION THEORY
WALT ROSTOW’S FOUR STAGES OF MODERNIZATION
1.Traditional stage
2.Take-off stage
3. Drive to technological maturity stage
4. High mass consumption
these societies have limited resources and technology, most of their time is spent on laboring to produce food, which creates a strong political hierarchy.
TRADITIONAL STAGE
This refers to the societies that are structured around small, local communities with production typically being done in family settings
TRADITIONAL STAGE
Innovation creates a new market for trade, therefore production is no longer associated with traditional rules.
TAKE-OFF STAGE
People begin to use their individual talents to produce things beyond the necessities.
TAKE-OFF STAGE
Many of these countries put social support systems in place to ensure that all of their citizens have access to basic necessities.
HIGH MASS CONSUMPTION
It is when your country is big enough that production becomes more about wants than needs.
HIGH MASS CONSUMPTION
Last stage of Modernization
HIGH MASS CONSUMPTION