Computer Science
Define a 'network'
A group of devices connected together to communicate with each other and share sources
Define a domain name
A user friendly name to save us from remembering IP addresses
Define a topology
An arrangement of computing devices that form a network
What is a switch
A device that connects devices to a & uses packet switching to recieve, process and forward data to the destination device
Define a cable
A physical path for data/info to be transmitted to
Define a NIC
A card( built in or inserted to the motherboard) required to connect a device to a network
Define a WAP
A device that enables a device to connect to a network
Define a hub
A device that allows multiple devices to connect to a network
What is a standard
A set of hardware and software specifications that allow manufacturers to create products and services which are compatible with each other
What is a protocol
A set of rules of the format of digital transmission
What are the three protocols used for emails
SMTP
IMAP
POP3
What does POP3 do?
downloads emails stored on a remote server to a local client (Removed after the download)
What does IMAP do
Manages emails on a server so many clients can access the same email account in synchronisity
What does SMTP do
Sends emails and forwards them to their destinations
Define 'Packet Switching'
A network communication method that breaks down data into smaller packets which are sent separately along different routes and reassembled at their destination.
Define 'Circuit Switching'
Where a communication path is made between two devices (for the duration of their conversation) and all packets are sent along the same route
What does FTP do
Transfers files across a network
What does HTTP do
It's the primary protocol for transferring web content(text, images and videos)
What does HTTPS do
The same as HTTP however web content is encrypted
What is the TCP/IP
A set of rules used in turn to format a message so it can be sent over the internet
Name the 4 layers in the TCP/IP stack
Application
Transport
Internet
Link
How does the 'Application layer' work
It prepares data for transmission over the network by converting it into a format that can be sent and received over a network
How the 'Transport layer' work
Breaks down data into packets. Each packet is given a port number(so the data can be reassembled in the correct order). They're also labelled with a header containing information about the packet
How does the 'Internet layer' work
It adds a header to each packet including the sender's and receiver's IP address. It then routes the packets across the network using the IP addresses in the headers
How does the 'Link layer' work
Translates digital packets into optical, electrical or wireless signals that can be sent over the network. Once the signal reaches the receiving end, the network layer translates it back into digital packets.
Define 'Encapsulation'
Wrapping data with necessary protocol information before it is transferred.
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