Psychology 100 Final (Chapters 9-14)
Retrieval
Recovery of stored information
Episodic Memory
Recollection of personal experiences
Procedural Memory
Mental schema for how to do things that require motor or performance skills
Sensory Memory
Short-term storage system for sensory impressions
Chunking
Process of grouping similar or meaningful information together
Recall
Retrieval of information with a minimum of external cues
Encoding
The process of acquiring information and transferring it to memory
Recognition
Ability to correctly identify previously learned information
Mnemonic
Strategy for enhancing memory
Memory
Mental system for receiving, encoding, storing, organizing, altering, and retrieving information
Maintenance Rehearsal/Rehearsal
Repeating information over and over to keep it active in short-term memory
Anterograde Amnesia
Inability to form or retrieve memories of events that occur after an injury or trauma
Storage
Holding information in memory for later use
Working Memory
Ability to hold and manipulate information in conscious attention
Retroactive Interference
Tendency for new memories to interfere with the retrieval of old memories
Proactive Interference
Tendency for old memories to interfere with retrieval of newer ones
Flashbulb Memories
Especially vivid and detailed recollection of an emotional event
Amnesia
Loss of memory
Decay
Proposition that the ability to retrieve rarely used information diminishes over time
Serial Position Effect
When remembering an ordered list, the tendency to make the most errors with the middle terms
Declarative (Explicit)
A recollection that a person is aware of having or is consciously retrieved
Long-Term Memory
Unlimited capacity storage that can hold information over long periods of time
Semantic Memory
General knowledge that is not tied to personal recollection
Nondeclaritive (Implicit)
A recollection that a person does not know exists and is retrieved unconsciously