how science works
what are the advantages of scientific research
1. more objective and factual. more trustworthy.
2. cause and effect can be seen.
3. more replicable and falsifiable.
what are the disadvantages of scientific research
1. may limit reasoing if qulitative data is not obtained.
2. ecologically validity may be reduced if there are high amounts of control.
how does hypothesis make psychology more scientific
new research may find new evidence that counteracts previous hypotheses.
what does falsification mean
if something is 'falsifiable' it does not mean it is false; rather, that if it is false, then this can be shown by observation or experiment.
what does replicability mean
if a study has lots of control and can be tested again.
how does replicalbility help proof that psychology is a science
someone else may find similar resutls that support/don't support previous findings.
what does objectivity mean
sciences should not be bias (subjective) and based on facts. personal ideas shouldn't influence results.
how does objectivity help prove that psychology is a science
based on facts/quantitative data; rather than opinions/thoughts.
what does control and standardisation mean
having controls and keeping things the same (standardisation).
how does control and standardisation help prove psychology is a science
increases the replicability so some may/may not fin the same. can also help establish cause (IV) and effect (DV).
what does quantiative data mean
recording data numerically makes the data more factual.
how does quantitative data help prove psychology is a science
makes the results more objective (no bias).
what is deductive reasoning
idea/prediction comes first then is tested (general idea to specific researching).
what is inductive reasoning
data comes first and is often from observing behaviour. look for patterns then formuate hypotheses to explore so develop conclusions and theories.