Mang. & Org.
Harry, a firm’s marketing head, has certain characteristics that make him gain his team’s loyalty. Moreover, he can elicit performance beyond expectations from his team members. He has the ability to motivate his team members through strong communication skills. From this description, it can be inferred that Harry is a _____ leader.
charismatic
When a leader rewards an employee in terms of increased pay for completing a project much ahead of time, the leadership technique can be referred to as _____ leadership.
transactional
Esther avoids micromanaging and allows subordinates to work autonomously. She takes action only when work falls below standards, allowing subordinates to learn from mistakes and become more functionally independent. Esther is demonstrating
passive MBE.
Barry believes that work is simply a means to an end and that employees’ needs are secondary to the need for an efficient and productive workplace. Where does Barry fall within the managerial grid?
High-task, low-relationship
_____ leadership is defined as the set of behaviors that leaders use to change their organization and individuals for the better.
Transformational
Sam sees potential in Alex and offers Alex a chance to increase his responsibility within the group. Based on the leader–member exchange theory, Sam and Alex's relationship is in the _________ phase of the relationship life cycle.
acquaintance
Randall has an employee who is highly skilled and highly motivated. Based on Hersey and Blanchard's situational theory, Randall should
focus on delegation.
Lee takes a goal-centered, team approach, integrating production and people concerns in a mutually reinforcing effort where all behaviors enhance each other. Where does Lee fall within the managerial grid?
High-relationship, high-task
Mona has an employee who is very skilled yet lacks the motivation to function at his best. Based on Hersey and Blanchard's situational theory, Mona should
offer support
Which of the following statements is true about Fiedler’s contingency model?
Depending on the favorability of the leadership situation, a different style of leadership is required
Which of the following statements refers to House’s path–goal theory?
A theory that states that the most important aspect in leadership is the follower’s expectation that a task can be accomplished and that it will lead to rewards
The most effective leaders
display both transactional and transformational leadership behaviors.
Which of the following reactions to power do leader's most prefer?
Commitment
Thomas is an executive in a firm’s IT department. He has immense knowledge in IT and has come up with many technological innovations, which had helped the organization to perform its activities more efficiently. Moreover, he has the ability to solve all types of issues that arise on a daily basis with relative ease. As a result, the individuals in the organization have developed great respect for him. Identify the kind of power demonstrated by Thomas.
Expert power
Which of the following statements best describes power?
It is the potential of one individual or group to influence the behavior, thinking, or attitudes of another individual or group.
Francine shared power with her subordinates, pushing decision making and implementation to the lowest possible level. Francine was seeking to increase commitment through
empowerment
According to Whetten and Cameron, power that comes from an individual’s formal place within an organization’s structure is known as _____ power.
positional
Mark, an employee, belongs to the marketing department in an organization. However, he often interacts with people in all other departments including top management, which has helped him improve professionally and personally. By maintaining many informal networks within the organization, he manages to get his job done more effectively than others. From this description, it can be inferred that Mark demonstrates _____ power.
relational
Which of the following individuals best represents a person with coercive power?
Sydney, a marketing manager, often punishes his subordinates when they fail to follow the organization’s rules and regulations.
Which of the following individuals best represents a person with referent power?
Vinita, an executive, has a great personality, and everyone in the organization respects and admires her for her intelligence.
Dependence asymmetry exists when a firm is more dependent on a business partner than a business partner is on a firm. true or false
true
Which of the following individuals best represents a person with reward power?
Maria, a team lead, motivates her team members by giving them incentives and promotions for improved performance.
Which of the following statements about nonprogrammed decisions is true?
These decisions are made in response to novel, poorly defined, or unstructured situations.
The act of choosing a solution that is good enough is called
satisficing.
Rules of thumb or short-cuts that individuals use to save time when making complex decisions are known as
heuristics
In an attempt to spark innovation and creativity, the CEO asked the executive team to temporarily abandon the rules and explore all possibilities. The CEO was
adopting playfulness as part of the garbage can model of decision making.
Which of the following statements best describes the appropriateness framework?
The process of making decisions based on societal norms or expectations
The board's decision to relocate company headquarters to another state was most likely a(n) _____ decision.
nonprogrammed
The team members were reluctant to try a new format with which they were unfamiliar; the old format had served them well for many years. Their decision to stick with the old format is an example of the _____ bias.
status quo
When the research team presented alternatives in terms of a chance for losses, the board chose the risk-seeking alternative, but when the team presented the alternatives in terms of opportunities for gain in the following meeting, the board switched to the risk-averse alternative. The board had succumbed to the _____ bias.
framing
The act of choosing a solution that is good enough is called
satisfying
Vinita buys a stock assuming that she can make profit out of it. However, shortly thereafter the stock value drops and she loses money. Her financial planner thinks the stock value will drop further and advises her to sell the stock. However, the market value has dropped so much already that Vinita believes it is due to rebound; she doesn't want to sell at the lowest point and lose money. She holds onto the stock in hopes to regain her loss. Instead she loses more money. This phenomena is referred to as
escalation of commitment
John, a top executive, is in a situation where he has to quickly decide between two projects that came in simultaneously from two major clients. Since his team is not big enough to complete both projects at a time, he cannot accept both. He has a hunch and just like that accepts one of the clients’ projects without any considerations. This scenario is an example of
intuitive decision making.
The managers, due to time constraints, opted for the first alternative that appeared to solve the problem even though better options may have existed. The managers were using which model of decision making?
Administrative model
Which of the following models does not view a decision process as a sequence of steps that begins with a problem and ends with a solution?
Garbage can model
Rules of thumb or short-cuts that individuals use to save time when making complex decisions are known as
heuristics.
Which of the following statements is true of the bargaining zone framework?
The reservation point is the number below or above which the negotiator will not go.
Which of the following theories proposes that members of an in-group will seek to find negative aspects of an out-group to enhance their own self-image?
Social identity theory
As a result of the _______ negotiations, Ted got what he wanted and Mark ended up having to put in extra time and effort to accommodate the change in plans.
integrative
Jane is Maria’s colleague, and they tend to argue with each other over minor issues. Both belong to the same team, and Jane often insults Maria by passing rude comments for no reason and Maria in turn threatens Jane. This scenario is an example of a(n) _____ conflict.
affective
Up to this point, everyone was agreeing with whatever the team leader suggested. Fearing the team was suffering from ______, Mr. Chase purposely brought up divergent perspectives and approaches and asked team members to share their thoughts on them.
groupthink
Which of the following situations is the best example of an intergroup conflict?
An organization’s marketing team had a conflict with the production team due to the delay in the arrival of finished products.
The process by which a negotiator attempts to gain benefits or concessions for his or her position is called
claim value.
The realistic conflict theory proposes that
limited resources will lead to conflict between groups.
Gail made a negative comment about Vicki's suggestion, which caused Vicki to be rather abrupt and rude with her response, which caused other team members to get upset. This is an example of
escalation