Bio Unit 1 Test
does passive transport require energy?
passive transport DOES NOT require energy
what is diffusion?
where molecules move from an area of HIGH concentration to an area of LOW concentration
what forms when there is a difference in concentration between one place and another? which way does diffusion go on it?
a concentration gradient. diffusion goes down/with the gradient
what is facilitated diffusion? what does it use?
facilitated diffusion is diffusion with help. transport proteins help substances to diffuse more quickly
what is osmosis?
the diffusion of water
which way does water move in osmosis
water moves towards a HIGHER concentration of solute
what is an isotonic solution?
same concentration of dissolved substances as the cell places in it. no net movement
what is a hypotonic solution?
lower concentration of dissolved substances as the cell placed in it. net movement of water INTO the cell
What is cytolysis?
when a cell swells and bursts in a hypotonic solution
what is a hypertonic solution?
higher concentration if dissolved substances than the cell placed in it. net movement of water OUT OF the cell
what is plasmolysis?
when the cell shrivels and shrinks in a hypertonic solution
what is active transport?
materials move agaisnt the concentration gradient. requires energy
what are transport proteins
proteins in the cell that help move materials in and out. uses energy. moves material agaisnt concentration gradient (low-high)
what is ATP?
an energy carrier molecule that supplies energy for cellular activities
where is energy stored in ATP
in the chemical bonds
what is endocytosis
materials become enclosed in an in-pocketing if the cell membrane
what is exocytosis
a vesicle carrying material fuses with the cell membrane and its contents are ejected