genetics 2
what is the law of segregation?
that every diploid has a pair of allels for different traits
what is the law of dominance
that if a dominant allele is present, then the recessive allele wont show
what is a gentotype?
the generic makeup of an organism ex: A, B, O
what is a phenotype
the visible properties of an organism
what is heyerozygous?
two different alleles
what is homozygous
two same alleles
what is a dominant allele
when an allele overides other alleles
what is a recessive allele
an allele that gets overide unless rhere is two recessive alleles
what are gametes
a reproductive cell
what is the law of independant assortment
imheritance of one allele does not effect the inheritance of snother one. therefore offspring may have different cominnations of alleles than their parents have
what is codominance?
a combination of genes which produces a ohentorype containing both traits ex: red + white = red + white
what is incomplete dominance?
pattern of gene expression in which the phentype of a heterzygous indivdual is the intermediate between those of the parents. ex: red + white = pink
what are the options for type A
IAIA, IAi
what are the options for B
IBIB, IBi
what are the options for AB
IAIB
what are the options for O
ii
what is an antigen?
substances that promote the production of antibodies to kill of cells that may harm the body ex: o has no antigens
which blood types can A recieve
A or O
which blood can A donate
AB, A
which blood can B recieve
O or B
which blood can B give
B or AB
whoch blood can O recieve
O
which blood can O give to?
A, B, O, AB
which blood can Ab give to
AB
whoch blood can AB recieve
Any
what causea positive and negative blood
the rhesus factor (most people have positive blood)
which blood type is the universal donor?
O
which blood type is the universal recipient
AB
what is the ABO system?
For a blood transfusion, the ABO blood group system is used to match the blood type of the donor and the person receiving the transfus
what dors it mean if you have positive blood?
you contain a protein
who can positibe blood reciebe blood from
positibe and negstive
who can negarive blood recieve from
negative only
what dores X linked dominance look like
XT
what does C linked recessive look like
Xt
can revessibe C linked traits be masked bt dominant alleles in males?
no
which gebder exhibits x linked traiys more
males
what are pedigrees used for
used to trace the passing of an allele from parents to offspring
is square male or female
male
is circle female or male
female
what kind of trait is colorblindness
x-linked
DIHYBRID CROSSES HAVE TWO TRAITS (fur and color) and INCOMOLETE INLY HAS ONE (red, shire, peach)
remeber
are x and y homologs
no
is AB a doninant allele?
co dominant
what chromosome do you get blood type from?
chromosome 9 (ABO)
what is an antigen?
a protein that sits on the surface of your RBC
if you have antigen A what plasms do you have
anti-B antibodies