Cell Types
Prokaryotes
single-celled organisms that have a simple cell structure without compartmentalisation (they do not possess any membrane-bound organelles)
Prokaryotic Cell Structure
Nucleoid
Plasmids
70s Ribosomes
Cell Wall
Cell Capsule
Cell Membrane
Pili
Flagella
Prokaryotes are classified into 2 main domains:
Bacteria: A large and diverse range of organisms including many pathogenic (disease-causing) forms
Archaea: Include a variety of extremophiles (organisms living in extreme environments), but also exist in normal habitats
Eukaryotes
Organisms whose cells contain a nucleus and are compartmentalised by numerous membrane-bound organelles
Eukaryotes have been classified into distinct kingdoms
Animal: Have no cell wall and undertake heterotrophic nutrition (via ingestion)
Plant: Have a cell wall (made of cellulose) and undertake autotrophic nutrition (via photosynthesis)
Fungi: Have a cell wall (made of chitin) and undertake heterotrophic nutrition (via absorption)
Protist: Any eukaryotic organism that does not belong to the animal, plant or fungal kingdoms
Eukaryotic Cell Strucutre
Nucleus
Nucleoulus
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
Mitochondria
Plasma Membrane
Lysosome
Golgi Apparatus
Ribosomes 80s
Cytoskeleton
Peroxisome
What additional organaelles do plant eukaryotic cells have?
Chloroplast
Cell Wall
Central Vacuole
Key distinguish feature of eukaryotic cells
Have Nucleus
Nucleus
The nucleus is a double membrane structure with pores that stores the genetic material (DNA)
Within the nucleus, a specific region called the nucleolus is responsible for ribosome assembly
Mitochondria
Mitochondria are responsible for ATP production via the process of aerobic cell respiration
It has an inner membrane that is highly folded into cristae in order to increase the SA:Vol ratio
Endoplasmic Reticulum
The ER is a membranous network that synthesises and transports materials via vesicles
The smooth ER synthesises lipids, while the rough ER synthesises proteins (via ribosomes)
Golgi Complex
The golgi apparatus is an assembly of folded membranes responsible for material secretion
Material is sorted, stored, modified and exported from the cell within vesicles (exocytosis)
Vesicles
Vesicles are membranous containers involved in the transport and storage of materials
Peroxisomes are involved in the oxidation of lipids and the digestion of toxic metabolites
Lysosomes are responsible for the breakdown of cellular wastes and pathogenic debris
Vacuoles are comparatively larger containers that store excess fluid and regulate pH
Chloroplast
n organelle responsible for photosynthesis (converting light energy into chemical energy)
Chloroplasts use the photosynthetic pigment chlorophyll to absorb and utilise light energy
Centrosome
Centrosomes function as microtubule-organising centres composed of paired centrioles
They contribute towards cell division in animal cells (plants and fungi use other structures)
Not organelles but part of the cell
Cell Wall
Cytoplasm
Cytoskeleton
| Cuestionario |
|---|
| geo quiz unit 3 |
| fnce 3 |
| tobom final |
| Ento. 4 |
| Sociology 100 Exam (Chapters 4 & 5) |
| labo - 7 et 8 - muscle |
| geo |
| All Quiet on the Western Front List B |
| fnce 2 |
| biolec 4 |
| bio120 |
| ecosystems |
| health |
| reproduction |
| cells |
| organs |
| theater |
| Exam |
| espagnol 2 |
| espagnol 1 |
| Spanish |
| Dutch board game - copyPJ |
| Dutch prepositions - copyPJ |
| Dutch vocabulary - copyPJ |
| French DL - Units 1-3 - copyPJ |
| French Unit 1 Revision - copyPJ |
| french body parts - copyPJ |
| French (les verbes- family) - copyPJ |
| French infinitive words and endings - copyPJ |
| French language - copyPJ |
| Les verbes pronominaux & hobbies (french) - copyPJ |
| french weather - copyPJ |
| L2 S1 : FP LOLF 2024 (à part) |
| final vocab |
| Geschiedenis hoofdstuk 11.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 |
| ELA: Government |
| math multiplacationmath is number 1# |
| chapter-2 |
| chapter-9 Human Resource Management |
| chapter-11 Duplicate |
| chapter-11 Risk Management |
| chapter-10 Communication Management |
| chapter-13 DONT NEED TO STUDY |
| chapter-12 edited |
| chapter-8 edited |
| chapter-7 edited |
| chapter-6 duplicate |
| chapter-6 edited |
| chapter-5 edited |
| chapter-4 edited |
| chapter-3 edited |
| Sociology 100 Final Exam (Chapters 2 & 3) |
| blood spatter terminology |
| Travel- Exta info i didn't add |
| Italian Pizzas |
| Traditional Pizzas |
| Lower Limb Muscles Origin Insertion and Action |
| Un frere penible |
| History 106 Exam |
| Spanish 101 Exam |
| Humanities 110 Exam |
| Business 121 Exam |
| Religion 110 Exam |
| sexual reproduction in animals |
| reproduction in animals |
| diabetic foot |
| Diabetes |
| Material tenta |
| 13 gezondheidseducatie en bewegingsactiviteiten |
| stems list 8 |
| PhysicsPhysics [Waves] |
| Bio 105 Lecture 9 |
| Biological molecules |
| georgia national real estate exam |
| georgia real estate laws and pratices |
| Biological molecules |
| Intro to Canadian Justice Final |
| 🌎 📜wrld hstryjiba
jiba
jiba |
| TDM, Toxicology, Vitamins, and Tumor Markers |
| SOC109 Final |
| Psychological Dirosders |
| psychology disorders |
| Strat Comm Exam 3 |
| Unit 14: Key Terms |
| OPTA 222 (respiratory) |
| Unit 13: Key Terms |
| BIOLOGIE-CHAPITRE 7 |
| Ses chap 3 |
| aadrijkskunde 2.1 tot 2.3 (3 havo)Ak 3 havo so (juno) |
| L2 S1 : FP Les grands principes budgétaires : Partie 1 (2) |
| Spanish vocab test reading |
| Bio quiz 1 |
| Mental Health and Learning Disability |
| Science |
| CompTIA A+ 1101/1102 Acronyms A-E -copy |
| chap 36town cites town life |
| Pasapalabra |
| Real Estates |
| sciencecharge |
| American Lit Writing Peices |
| vocab ch 13 |
| 8 parts of speech |
| 8 parts of speech |
| science |
| Drama test (Personal). |
| French infinitive words and endingshelp for those who are in need of revision for French, especially, for infinitive endings |
| Week 9 - Skin Care 1 -AHA Exfoliation, Masks and Sun Screen |
| Week 6 - Skin Care 1 - History of Esthetics - A Journey through Time: Then and Now |
| Week 8 - Skin Care 1 - Skin Analysis & Toners |
| BCS Foundation |
| Latin 2nd Declension |
| Latin nouns revisionLatin nouns revision: noun cases and their meanings, 1st declension and 2nd declension endings singular and plural. |
| Ordslista fysisk stridsvärde |
| CEJM |
| Biology Unit 3: Evolution |
| main scene in romeo and juliet |
| romeo and juliet epithets |
| Module 3 Psych |
| aadrijkskunde 2 |
| french |
| NE klas 1 periode 2 toets |
| Theory Comm Exam 3 |
| jordy |
| 737 |
| AI |
| Sociology changing patterns of partnership |
| italiano |
| camel |
| GA laws & practices |
| All Quiet on the Western Front List A |
| FNCE 1 |
| Jr proficiency |
| Chapter 7- Alkyl Halides |
| Kin module 3 quiz |
| BIO CELLS |
| OPTA 222 (endocrine system) |
| Chirurgie générale - Orale |
| farm animal ocular exam |
| yo mamayuh |
| maw |
| BIOLOGY 1.3 |
| IAL Exam |
| Franskafranska |
| L2 S1 : FP Introduction (1) |
| no ekologi |
| geography |
| bio se2 |
| l'économie |
| Youth trends and personal identity (les verbes) |
| French (les verbes- family) |
| health and social |
| L'industrie |
| vocab 12 |
| history vocab quiz |
| science |
| Japanese Unit 5 |
| Bio 111L Skull |
| Fnce |
| bio |
| EMC |
| gcse biology paper 2 |
| Families |
| Business- Booklet E Breakeven |
| Business- Booklet E Cashflow Forecast |
| Business |
| REAL eSTATE EXAM |
| Kin module 2 quiz |
| Kin module 1 |
| BIOLOGY 1.4 |
| belangrijke begrippen |
| Kollen |
| BIOLOGY 1.5 |
| Emergency Equipment Practical |
| canin crew exam |
| klimaat zones |
| Labo - 5 et 6 |
| Box Office |
| Emergency Equipment - copy 1 |
| Science test |
| Kinesiology and Pathologies |
| Kinesiology Shoulder and ArmKey Concepts |
| Romeo and Juliet (Act 3, 4, and 5) |
| FSC 360 final |
| Emergency Equipment |
| histoire |
| radiationalpha , beta ,gamma rays |
| S |
| f |
| BIOLOGY |
| biologie |
| Lecture 5 |
| H3 formules |
| Lecture 4 |
| german 11 |
| japanese |
| media theorists |
| REMEMBER |
| Doctor Who |
| PSYCH 333: AdolescenceFinal on December 11 |
| Renal Medicine |
| chem lab examchem lab exam prep |
| Periodic Table (Pre-IB SC 9) |
| Compounds (Pre-IB SC 9) |
| Aqiedah les 6 |
| Spreekwoorden |
| Endocrinology |
| stofwisselingen en voedingstoffen |
| Aqieda les 5 |
| natuur elementen |
| business |
| Engels irregular verbs |
| Lecture 1 |
| TÅGFÄRD PROV |
| Aqieda les 4 |
| My fav things |
| Science |
| physics chaopet 1 |
| englishyou are the best |
| IGIs wordsA |
| 200 verbs |
| media studies |
| enfant dev.allo |
| Prévention |
| Ento 3. Disease |
| Skeletal system part 1 |
| PhysicsPhysics[Forces in action] |
| Mots en Francais |
| cabin crew |
| PJ-FRENCHvocab |
| french |
| LA Vocab Set 3 |
| RECA exam |
| Accounting |
| bio 1 |
| Social Reviewsocial |
| physics revision |
| hi |
| Loftus and Palmer |
| Grant |
| Vetenskapliga perspektiv och metoder tenta |
| gs |
| abbbbb |
| relationship |
| Chirurgie Générale - Syndromes Occlusifs |
| business learning aim B |
| Capitals |
| Aqieda les 3 |
| Aqieda les 1 + 2 |
| chemistry revision |
| Week 12 - AnatomieLatijnse termen van het lichaam voor tentamen 1.1.3 |
| Social media |
| The Covid-19 Pandemic |
| The Linux kernel |
| MS-DOS 6.22 |
| Windows NT 4.0 |
| spanish revision |
| The first iPhone model |
| Unit 12: Key Terms |
| Unit 11: Key terms |
| Natural disasters |
| Steven Spielberg |
| The Titanic movie |
| The Con Air movie |
| The Matrix movie |
| spabnish |
| Computer history |
| The Simpsons |
| Nuclear war |
| Chir G |
| Begrippenlijst Drama |
| Claire |
| regering o annat |
| Chirurgie générale - Abdomen aigu péritonique |
| Chirurgie Générale - MICI |
| English Vocabulary in Use: Unit 49Vocabulary |
| g |
| geschiedenis begrippen |
| Chirurgie Générale - Indications à la splénectomie |
| UNESCO TW1 stappen van kabinetsvorming |
| Terminologi, ord och uttryck ordtest |
| working in healthand social sector |
| French Unit 1 Revision |
| Franska ord |
| Biology - Respiration |
| Biology - Photosynthesis |
| quizquiz |
| test 1 |
| Biology - Love Matters |
| Biologie Anatomie et Physiologie humaine |
| Biology unit 7 test 5 |
| Bio unit 7 test 4 |
| Unit 7 bio test 3 |
| leaf structure |
| plant cell organisation gcse |
| DNA (replication) and RNA |
