Hydrology Pre-fi
Merging of water vapors
Warm Air Process
Transfer of water vapor to ice crystals
Bergeron process
Clouds
Nucleation
Merging cloud droplet with raindrop.
Contact
Detaching or peripherals
Riming
Continuous contact
Accretion
Division of large drops into smaller units
Multiplication
Humidity Increase
Addition of Water Vapor
Heat scape at night
Radiational
Ground heats the air
Conductive
Warm air rises in convection
Evaporation
Air parcel expansion and depressuring
Adiabatic
Warm air rises over cooler air
frontal
warm air rises, expands, cools
Convectional
Rising of warm moist air
Orographic
Measures rainfall depths collected through time
Rain Gauges
Is the average number of years during which a storm of given magnitude may be expected to occur once.
Return Period
Time period of interest
N
Probability of occurrence
P
Recurrence interval or return period
T
If the probability of exceedance is 0.5% the return period is?
200 years
If the return period is 50 years, the probability of non exceedance is?
98%
The probability that a 50 year return period daily rainfall to occur within 40 years is
55.43%
The process by which precipitation reaching the earth's surface is returned to the atmosphere as water vapor.
Evapotranspiration
What are the measurements of evapotranspiration?
* Pan evapotranspiration
*lysimeters
*catchment water balance
*eddy coveriance technique
*empirical equation
Measures the amount of evapotranspiration released by plants.
Lysimeter
Directly estimates the transfer of water vapor from the land surface to the atmosphere.
Eddy Covariance