Transportation Engineering
The Actual movement of the Vehicles or pedestrians on a facility.
Traffic
The Application of technological and scientific principles to the planning functional design, operation, and management of facilities for any mode of transportation.
Transportation Engineering
Is the science of measuring traffic and travel, the study of basic laws relating to traffic flow and generation and the application of knowledge to the professional practice of planning, designing, and operating traffic systems to achieve safe and efficient movement of persons and goods.
Traffic Engineering
The Profession of transportation Engineering
-transportation planning and design
-urban traffic engineering and management
-transport economics
-transportation safety
Planning ( Select Projects for design and construction)
-forecasting the impact of the project upon the system.
-setting up the specifications of the project.
-determining benefits and costs
Designing (Involves the specification of all features of the project so that it can be built)
-Geometric Design
-Design of Pavements
-Determination of right of way, drainage structures, fencing, etc.
-Part of the design process is the production of construction plans.
Its objectives are related to using the facility in the most efficient way.
Urban traffic engineering and management
The road system as a matter of national importance is a thing of the past.
Forecasting
Is a specific way to travel, usually defined by either the physical system being used.
Transportation mode
What are the Mode of transportation
-Walking
-Auto
-Transit
-Water
-Air
-Rail
Total road length
217,317 km.
National Roads
33,018.25 km.
Provincial Roads
31,620 km.
City and Municipal Roads
31,063 km
Barangay Roads
121,702 km.
The need for a rationalizad route system was realized in Metro Manila during yhe restrictions caused by the Covid-19 Pandemic - EDSA Carousel.
Bus transit
Air ( the Philippines has a total of?
203 airports
National Airports
85
International Airports
8
Aircraft movement per year
85,000
Cargo movement per year
530 million
Travels by air
27 million
Are capable of handling international flights and have border control facilities.
International Airport
CAAP means?
Civil Aviation Authority of the Philippines
Are Airports which serve domestic destination
Principal Airports
Are airports that are used primarily for general aviation.
Community Airports
are airports capable of serving jet aircraft with a capacity of at least 100 seats but could be 70.
Class 1 princit Airports
Ate airports capable of serving propeller
aircraft with a capacity of at least 19 seats.
Class 2 principal Airports
ATO
Air Transport Office
is Currently used mostly to transport passenger within Metro Manila, and the provinces of Laguna and Quezon, as well as a commuter service in the Bicol Region.
Rail transport
Once operated in the country, but these services were halted.
Freight transport services
1878- An official of the Department of Public Works submitted a proposal to Madrid for a streetcar system in Manila.
Don Leon Monssour
A second proposal was submitted by___,___ and they were given an exclusive concession agreement to Establish a streetcar system in Manila.
- Don Jacobo Zobel de Zangroniz
-Don Luciano Bremon
In May 11, 1883- The Memoria Sobre El Plan General de Ferocarilles en la isla de Luzon was approved by...
King Alfonso XIII
What are those 14 stations in Cebu railway?
Danao city
Maslog
Mandaue
Mabolo
Cebu City
San Isidro
Mohon
Calajo-an
Naga City
Sabang
Sibonga Elementary
Carcar City
Valladolid
Argao fire station
How many seaports in the Philippines?
2,000
How many passengers in the maritime that will carry per year?
50 million
How many passengers carried by the sea vessels in 2017?
72.2 million
how many percent our trade is through the sea?
90%
A transportation system consists of three components
- Physical Elements
- Human Resources
- Operating Rules
Physical Elementz in transportation system
- Infrastructure
- Vehicles
- Equipment
- Control, Communication and Location System
Refers to the Fixed parts of a transportation system.
Infrastructure
Vary Depending upon the transportation vehicle or mode.
Travelways
Are required for buses, railroads, aircraft, trucks, and ships.
Terminal
Serve only a subset of the functions served by terminal.
Station
Are the Elements of a transportation system that move along the travelway.
Vehicle
Refers to Physical components whose main function is to facilitate the transportation process.
Equipment
Involves the Elements required to allocate right of way.
Control
Link traffic control centers to travelway equipment such as variable message signs, traffic signals, transit vehicles, air traffic controllers, and pilots.
communications Systems
Is essential to the operation of transportation system, include vehicle operators such as automobile truck and bus drivers
Human resources
Include Schedules, crew assignment, connection patterns, cost/level
of service tradeoff, and contingency plans.
Operating Rules
Define the arrival and departure time of transportation vehicles at the different transportation terminals and stations.
Schedule
Involves assigning operators to the different vehicles assigning bus drivers to the different buses in a transit agency m
Crew assignment
Refer to how service is organized over the transportation system or network.
Connection Patterns
Involves setting operational rules for transportation system, and doing so Involves a tradeoff between cost and level of service.
Level of Service
Are implemented when something goes wrong with the transportation system.
Contingency Plans
Public Transport in some Philippines Cities
- LRT/MRT
- Buses
- Jeepney
- UV Express/Vans
- Taxis
- Grab
-Tricycles
- Motorcycle Taxis
°Acceleration/declaration
°Braking
Vehicle Capabilities
°Perception/reaction times
°Eyesight (peripheral range, height above roadway)
Human Capabilities
The principal Characteristics of the eye are Visual acuity, peripheral vision, color vision, glare vision and recovery, and depth perception.
Visual Reception
The ear receives sound stimuli, which is important to drivers only when warnig sounds, usually given out by emergency vehicles, are to be detected.
Hearing Perception
The ability to see fine details of an object.
Visual Acuity
The ability of people to see objects beyond the cone of clearest vision.
Peripheral Vision
Is the decreased ability to differentiate one
color from another. It can impair tasks such
as reading traffic lights, road signs, etc.
COLOR VISION
There are two types of glare vision:
direct and
specular.
affects the ability of a person to estimate speed
and distance. It is particularly important on two-lane highways during
passing maneuvers, when head-on crashes may result from a lack of
proper judgment of speed and distanc
Depth perception
Is the delay between visibility and determining there is a potential hazard.
Perception and Reaction
Typical Perception- Reaction time range?
0.5 to 7 seconds
relevant to traffic and
highway engineering practice include those of the
driver (as discussed in the previous slides)
Pedestrian characteristics
mean male walking speed
4.93 ft/s
Mean female walking speed
4.63 ft/s
These are experienced bicyclists. They typically
consider the bicycle as a motor vehicle
and can comfortably ride in traffic
CLASS A BICYCLISTS.
These are less experienced bicyclists. They prefer
to ride on neighborhood streets and are
more comfortable on designated
bicycle facilities, such as bike paths.
CLASS B BICYCLISTS
These are children riding on their own or with
parents. They mainly use residential
streets that provide access to schools,
recreational facilities, and stores
CLASS C BICYCLISTS
Small motorized two or thee wheeled vehicles that can transport one to two people.
Motorcycle
Dominant source of personal transportation with a typically weigh about 680 to 1800 kg and can accommodate 2 to 6 passengers.
Passengers Cars and Light Trucks
Have the cargo and power unit mounted on a common frame. It has a range from 2 axle (6-tire4,536 kg) to 3 or 4 axle (18,144 kg), commonly used for hauling freight relative short distances.
Single Unit Trucks
Have a power unit or a tractor plus one or more trailers, that tractor and a trailer are joined at a hitch point and can be separated when not in use.
Combination Trucks
Passenger Vehicle mounted on an automobile or light truck chassis that is capable of transporting 6-15 people
Van
Can usually transport 15 to as high 75 passengers
Buses
Have a variety of configuration, including passenger cars with trailers pickup trucks with camper bodies and motor homes but it perform poorly because they are more heavily loaded that of other vehicles of similar size.
Recreational Vehicles
flow of air around the body of the vehicle ( 85% of Ra depending on body shape.
Aerodynamic
Resistance generated from a vehicle's internal mechanical friction, and pneumatic tires and their interaction with roadway surface.
Rolling Resistance
Gravitational force acting on the vehicle.
Grade Resistance
Tendency of the vehicle to resist acceleration or force required to cause a vehicle to move along a curved path.
Inertia
Required to overcome various resistances for propulsion and not for transmission power steering etc.
Power Requirements
Is usually Classified as either uninterrupted or interrupted.
Traffic flow
Flow occuring at long sections of road where vehicles are not required to stop by any cause external to the traffic stream.
Uninterrupted Flow
Flow occuring at intersections or driveways where vehicles are required to stop by any cause outside the traffic stream such as traffic signs, traffic signal lights,etc.
Interrupted Flow
Flow rate is defined as the number of vehicles passing a point during a specified period of time.
Flow rate or Volume
Is defined as rate of motion per unit time.
Speed
Is used to describe the rate of movement of a traffic stream within a given section of road or it is also called the harmonic mean speed.
Space mean speed
Is defined as the number of vehicles in a given lenght of road at an instant point in time.
Density
Is defined as the time interval between passage of consecutive vehicles at a specified point on the road with a unit if time per vehicles.
Time headway