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Physics

Give the (Hooke's Law) formula for force

F = Kx
K - Spring Constant

x = extension

How can you find elastic potential energy(Elastic stain energy) on a force extenstion graph

By finding the area underneath the graph

Give the formula for EPE

1/2Kx^2
K - spring constant

e^2 is extension squared

Define 'tensile stress'

The force applied per unit area of cross section when a material is stretched

Give the formula for tensile stress

Force / Cross-sectional area

Define 'tensile strain'

The fractional change in length to the original length

Give the formula for tensile strain

Extension(m) / Original Length(m)

What's Young's modulus equation

Tensile Stress/Tensile Strain

Define 'Tensile' forces

Forces that are applied if something is being stretched or extended

Define 'Compressive Forces'

Forces that are applied when something is being squashed or compressed

What is young's modulus

The stiffness of a material being stressed

Define 'Ultimate Tensile Strength'

The stress value of which a material breaks

Give some features of the force extenstion graph of rubber

- Doesn't experience plastic deformation
- It forms a hysteris loop, which the area in between represents the thermal energy released when loading and unloading

- It doesn't obey hookes law

Give some features of the force extenstion graph of a metal wire

- Obeys hookes law and shows elastic deformation up until the elastic limit
-Beyond the elastic limit it experiences plastic deformation

Give some features of the stress-strain graph of brittle materials

- Shows elastic behaviour until breakpoint, where the material shatters
- There's no plastic deformation

-Loading and unloading are on the same curve

Give some features of the stress-strain graph of rubber materials

- Has no plastic deformation
- Loading and unloading curve is different as thermal energy is lost

- Has a high tensile stress

Give some features of the stress-strain graph of ductile materials

- Experiences elastic deformation as until its elastic limit, then experiences plastic deformation before reaching its UTS and breakpoint

How do we find force constant when springs are in series

1/kTOTAL = 1/k1 +1/k2 etc

How do we find force constant when springs are in parallel

kTOTAL = k1 + k2 etc

Give some features of the force extenstion graph of polythene

- Doesn't obey hookes law
- Shows plastic deformation when any force is applied to it

- Easy to stretch

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