Unit 1 KA8 - Energy Systems in Muscle Cells
What happens to the muscle cells during vigorous exercise?
They dont get sufficient oxygen to support the electro transport chain
What is pyruvate converted into?
Lactate
What does the conversion of pyruvate into lactate involve?
The transfer of H ions from the NADH produced during glycolysis to pyruvate to produce lactate
This regenerates the NAD needed to maintain... through glycolysis
ATP production
During long periods of vigorous activity...
Lactate accumulates and muscle fatigue occurs
This build up of lactate produces an
Oxygen debt
The oxygen debt is repaid when...
Exercise is complete
What does this allow respiration to do?
Provide the energy to convert lacyate nack to pyruvate and glucose in the liver
Slow twitch muscle fibres contract...
Relatively slowly but can sustain contractions for longer
Slow twitch muscle fibres are useful for endurance activities such as
Long distance running, cycling and cross country skiing.
Slow twitch muscle fibres rely on...
Aerobic respiration to generate ATP
What do slow twitch muscle fibres have many of?
Mitochondria
Slow twitch muscle fibres have a large concentration of the oxygen storage protein... and a large blood supply
Myoglobin
What is the main storage fuel of slow twitch muscle fibres?
Fats
Fast twitch muscle fibres contract
Relatively quicky over short periods
Fast twitch muscle fibres are useful for activities such as
Sprinting or Weightlifting
Fast twitch muscle finres can generate ATP through...
Glycolysis only
What do fast twitch muscle fibres have few of?
Mitochondria
Fast twitch have a lower...than slow twitch muscle fibres
Blood supply
The main store of fuel for the fast twitch fibre is
Glycogen