mobility (emily)
3 reasons why mobility is good for a patients health and well-being
-improves quality of life
-gets pt's out of bed post-op
-cardiovascular benefits
disuse syndrome has adverse effects on:
tissues and their functions, lifestyle and inactivity
what is an example of how immobility affects the entire body and all systems
cardiac muscles ability to pump blood, impacts cardiac output
what is deconditioned mobility
loss of physical fitness and extended periods of immobility
what kind of pt's are at risk for immobility
in chronic conditions, injury to brain/spinal cord (trauma), neurological conditions
physical activity, nutrition, and fall/injury prevention are examples of ________ prevention
primary
what are examples of secondary prevention
screening for osteoporosis
fall assessment screening
what are 3 types of mobility interventions
exercise therapy, pharmological agents, surgical interventions
what is disuse atrophy
reduced strength and mass in muscles due to inactivity
what can disuse atrophy lead to
degeneration of muscle fibers
bedridden patients, immobilized and chronic illnesses that limite physical activity are at risk for:
disues atrophy
what happens to protein synthesis during physical activity
decreases, shifting to muscle protein breakdown, leading to atrophy
what is the importance of mechanical load for muscles
regular stimulation and load maintain size of muscle size an d function (lack of use reduces protein synthesis and increases degration)
how does inactivity affect motor neurons and muscle fibers
reduced signaling from motor neurons to muscles impairs muscle mass maintenance and neuromuscular junction effiency
which hormones decrease with inactivity, affecting muscle growth
insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) and testosterone
how does inactivity promote muscle protein breakdown
increases cortisol levels and inflammatory cytokine production
what happens to mitochondria during physical inactivity
their function and number decrease, impairing energy production in muscle cells
what are 3 risk factors/causes of disuse atrophy
immobilization, sedentary lifestyle, chronic illnesses
what are some symptoms of muscular atrophy
muscle wasting, difficulty walking, reduced mobility, depression caused by social isolation and decreased independence
what is the difference between sublaxation and dislocation in developmental dysplasia of the hip
sublaxation: partial displacement of femur head from acetabulum
dislocation: complete displacement of femur head from acetabulum
what is dysplasia of the hip
underdeveloped acetabulum
what is a physiological factor of hip dysplasia
maternal hormone secretion
what is a postnatal factor of hip dysplasia
swaddling practices
what diagnostic method of hip dysplasia involves abduction of the hip, relocating the femoral head into acetabulum
ortolani maneuver
what diagnostic method of hip dysplasia involves adduction of hips, dislocating the femoral head from the acetabulum
barlow maneuver
what diagnostic method in hip dysplasia is used in older infants and children and is inspected by difference in knee height
galeazzi sign
in a newborn-6mo how can hip dysplasia be managed
splints and/or pavlik harness worn for 6-12 weeks
how can hip dysplasia be managed in ages 6-24mo
12 weeks of spica cast
what is an important aspect of care in an infant in a harness
skin care