RESEARCH
Contains Backrounds and reasons for the conduct of study.
Introduction
It sets the stage by providing background information and stating the research question
introduction
It describes the research design, dta collection, procedures, and statistical analysis.
Method
This section presents the findings and interprets their implications
the results and discussion
it provides concise summary of the entire paper, highlighting the key points s and findings
abstract
The primary objectives pf research in edication
to help candidate become an eminent educationist
it summarizes the makn findings
conclusion
Which is a criterion for a good research study
demonstrates the integration and different fields of knowledge
It is a process of executing various mental acts for doscovering and wxaminingfacts and information to prove accuracy or truthfullness of your calims
Research
It is the framework of research metjods and techniques chosen by a researcher to conduct a study
Research design
It is q research methods describing the characteristics of the population or phenomenon focusu on what and why of the research subject
Descriptive Research
It is a characteristic of research which takes place in an oeganized orderly manner
systematic
It gives ckrrect data shicj is the footnotes, bibliographical entries shoould honestly and appropriate documented or acknowledged
Accuracy
It must deal with facts, not with mrer questions arising frlm assumptions , gensralization, predictions or conclusions
objectiveness
It must work on the topic that is fresh, new and interesting to the present society
timeless
It is instrumental in improving society of in solving problesm affecfing thw lives of people on a community
Relevance
It must succeed in expressing its central point or discoveries by using simple direct and correct language
clarity
This type of research aims to apply your chosen research to societal problems or issues, finding ways to make positive changes in society.
Applied research
Investuage and solve issues
action research
Focus on the advancement of knowledge rtaher than solving a specific problem
Pure research
One variable leads to a rise in other variable
Positive Correlation
Increase in one variable, twh second variable will decrease
nagative
a change in one variable may not necessarily see a difference in the othe variable
no correlation
Involves measurement of data
Quantitative research
Not clearly defined, underinvestigated and poorly understood
Exploratory research
It is more on words and paragraphs
Qualitative Research
Study of particular cultural group to get a clear understanding of ita organizational set up intternal operation and lifestyle
Ethnography
It is a qualitatuve research that builds assumption that the universal essence depends on the audience experience
phenomenalogical research
It is based on participants own interpretations or explanations
grounded theory
Takes place in the field of social care, nursing and psychology
case study
Experimental Group is also kknown as
treatment group
the effect is already known or the placebo
control group
it is also known as fake treatment
placebo treatment
It is the presumed effect
Dependemt variable
It is the presumed cause
Independent Variable
it is the process of selecting respondents
sampling
intentionally selecting participants/specific respondents
purposive sampling
recruiting individuals becaud ethey arr available
convenience sampling
it has an equal chance of participation in sampling
probability sampling
not all populations have equal chance
non probability sampling
dividing population into groups
cluster sampling
divides population in specific groups is
stratified sampling
provides opportunity to moniyor or assess situation
observation
researcher is emerse in day to day activities of the participants
participants observation
questions answerable few alternatives ex. yes or no
structured interview
open ended questions
unstructured interview
close and open ended question
semi structured interview
in 1500 students take only 15th name respondents
systematic sampling
Personal Diaries is a
Primary Data
First hand data
primary data
more reliable
primary data
control over collection method
primary data
time and money intensive
primary data
sevond hand data
secondary da ta
comparatively less reliable
secondary data
no control over collection method
secondary data
time and cost effective
secondary data
research typically conducted by Teachers
action research
ethical consideration in research relates to
avoidance to harm research participants
when participants agree to participate in study
informed consents
stop and leave any point of the study
rights to widraw from research
anonimity and privacy
confidentiality
personal details keep anonymous
psychological and physical
it is a qualitative variable
nominal variable
example of nominal variables
socio economic status
can be categorized and rank
ordinal
categorized, rank and evenly spaced
interval
categorized, ranked, evenly space and haz a natural zero
ratio
quantitative and qualitative approach
mixed metjod approach
each member of a population has an equal chance of being selected
random sampling
research participants are asked to assist researchersvin identifying other potential subjects
snowball sampling
most comprehensive source of population data
census
researcher is undercover, the participants are unaware that they are being observed
covert
Being observe are aware and still participate in the activity
overt
One way of citing or referring to the author whose ideas appear in your work
Integral Citation
APA means
American Psychological Association
MLA means
Modern Language Association
APA AND MLA is
Integral Citation
The stress is given to the piece of information rather than owner of ideas
Non integral citation
Act of quoting or copying the exact words of the writer and passing the quoted words off as your own words
Plagiarism
illegal copying or distribution of copyrighted material via the internet
digital piracy
a symbol or words legally registered or established by the use as representing a company or product
trademark
conferring a roght or title for a set period
patent
word to word transcription of plagiarism
Direct Plagiarism
when a student submit his previous work and mixed part of his works
self plagiarism
when a student borrows a phrase from a source without using quotation
mosaic plagiarism
Occurs when a person neglects to cite theie sources
Accidental Plagiarism
It is a procwss of understanding data or known facts or assumptions serving as the vasis of any claims
Data Analysis
a rectangular table oe matrix in whxih rows represent observations or cases and columns represent variables and attributes
Data Matrix
it is the process of collecting and analyzing information
Data Collection
it entails collecting, measuring and analyzing information
Data Gathering
tentative solution to the problem or an answer to the research question
hypothesis
part of research wherein you can find the answers to the research problem
conclusion
The Problem and its background
Chapter 1
Review of Related Literature
Chapter 2
Method and Procedures
Chapter 3
Presentation, Analysis and Interpretation of Data
Chapter 4
Summary, Conclusions and Recommendations
Chapter 5
Theres a need to adopt sampling fpr research on academic problems encountered by indigenous children in a school
Purposive
when you are in rome, do what the romans do
ethnography