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PSYCH*1000 intelligence

anthropoemetrics

the measurement of people, referred to methods of measuring physical and mental variation in humans.

intelligence

the ability to think, understand, reason, and adapt to or overcome obstacles

mental age

the average intellectual ability score for children of a specific age

Stanford-Binet test

as a test intended to measure innate levels of intelligence

Intelligent quotation (IQ)

calculated by taking a persons mental age, dividing it by their chronological age, and multiplying by 100

Deviation IQ

is calculated by comparing a persons test score with an average score for people of the same age

Wechsler Adult intelligence scale (WAIS)

the most common intelligence test in use today for adolescents and adults. This test uses the IQ score but then breaks it down into a general ability index (GAI) and a cognitive Proficiency index (CPI) these factors tap into an individuals intellectual abilities

Ravens Progressive matrices

an intelligence test that is based on pictures, not words, thus making it relatively unaffected by language or cultural background

IQ and eugenics

it is believed that if you have "good genes" your IQ will be higher. Galton believed genes were the basis of the family patterns he observed.

Stereotype threat

which occurs when negative stereotypes about a group cause group members to underperform on ability test.

General intelligence factor (g)

spearman believed that g (represented a persons mental energy reflecting the belief that some peoples brains are simply more powerful than others

Spearman's g-factor

is the basis of most intelligence assessment used in research today

Fluid intelligence (Gf)

as a type of intelligence used in learning new information and solving new problems not based on knowledge the person already posses

Crystallized intelligence (Gc)

is a type of intelligence that draws upon past learning and experience

Multiple intelligences

a model claiming that there are seven(updated to 9) different forms of intelligence each independent from the others.
1. Verbal/linguistic -read, write, speak

2. Logical/mathematical - think with numbers, math problems

3. Visuospatial- create mental pictures, imagination

4. Bodily/kinesthetic- control body movements, balance

5. Musical/rhythmical- comprehend tonal and rhythmic patterns

6. Interpersonal- detect other peoples emotions, motives and thoughts

7. Self/intrapersonal- self awareness, identify your own emotions, thoughts and motives

8. Naturalist-recognize and identify natural world, plants and animals

9. Existential- ask questions about human existence, meaning of life etc.

Gene knockout (KO) studies

involve removing a specific gene and comparing the characteristics of animals with and without that gene

Environmental processes in intelligence

" Birth order
" Socioeconomic status

" Nutrition

" Education

" Stress

" Nootropic drugs- substances that are believed to beneficially affect cognition

The Flynn effect

refers to the steady population level increases in intelligence test scores over time.

Positive manifold

different mental abilities are all related to each other and the correlations among mental tests are always positive

Mental abilities

a broad range of cognitive capacities and skills

Entity theory

the belief that intelligence is a fixed characteristic and relatively difficult to change

Incremental theory

the belief that intelligence can be shaped by experiences, practice, and effort.

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