Evolution of species
what is a mutation?
the random change in an organisms genetic information.
Mutations are spontaneous and are the only source of new alleles.
environmental factors that can increase mutation rates
Chemical:
Mustard Gas
Cigarette Smoke
Radiation:
UV Rays
X Rays
3 types of mutation
- advantageous
- neutral
- disadvantageous
how does natural selection take place?
Natural selection is when individuals with the best adaptations survive, reproduce, and pass on their genes, making those adaptations more common over generations.
how does speciation take place
Speciation happens when a population becomes isolated and, through mutations and natural selection in different environments, becomes two genetically different species that can no longer interbreed.