Week 2 Content - Terminology 3
Fat storing tissue
Adipose tissue
Cell clasification in which cells are taller than wide
Columnar
A type of adipose tissue that is able to utilize fat to generate heat
Brown adipose tissue
Tissue type that covers & lines various parts of the body & forms glands
Epithelium
Sweat gland
Sudoriferous gland
Bone Cell
Osteocyte
Skin fold covering covering the root of the nail
Cuticle
Mostly located in the stratum basale of the skin & produces pigment granules
Melanocyte
Loose layer of fascia located beneath the dermis
Hypodermis
Ear wax
Cerumen
Fibrous connective tissue masses found throughout the body
Fascia
Most abundent & widely distributed tissue in the body
Connective tissue
Oil producing gland of the skin
Sebaceous gland
Tissue type consisting of neutrons & glia
Nervous tissue
Touch outer layer of the epidermis
Stratum corneum
Includes contents between plasma membrane & nucleus. further divided into cytosol & organelles
Cytoplasm
The intracellular fluid containing water, dissolved solutes & particles
Cytosol
Large organelle housing genetic material, DNA & associated proteins in form of chromosomes
Nucleus
Lipid bilayer of phospholipids (75%) chloesterol (20%) and glycolipids (5%)
Plasma membrane structure
Functions of a plasma membrane
Acts as a barrier, regulates flow of substances, communicates with other cells, intercellular signalling
Firmly embedded proteins spanning entire plasma membrane , most are transmembrane.
Integral proteins
Proteins not firmly embedded. They are attached to polar head of membrane
Peripheral
Substance moves across concentration/gradient using its own kinetic energy. Moves from high concentration to low.
Passive process
Substance moves against concentration gradient using cellular energy (ATP). Moves from low to high concentration.
Active Process
Substance moves freely through plasma membrane. Nonpolar hydrophobic molecules (oxygen) & small molecules (water) & dissolving substance diffuses
Simple diffusion
When highly charged or large polar molecules pass through membrane via simple diffusion & assisted by integral proteins (channel or carrier)
Facilitated diffusion
Substances move through selectively permeable membrane as a passive process from a region of higher concentration to a lower concentration
Osmosis
Measure of the solution's ability to change the volume of cells by altering their water content
Tonicity
Two solutions contain the same number of solute particles per unit volume
Isomotic
The solution contains more particles per unit volume
Hypersmotic
The solution contains fewer particles per unit volume
Hyposmotic
Carries two substances across the membrane in opposite directions
Antiporters
Carries two substances across the membrane in the same direction
Symporters
Moves materials into the Cell
Endocytosis
Moves materials outside the cell
Exocytosis
when energy (stored in Na or H gradient) from other substances created by moving against their own gradients is used to drive material against concentration gradients
secondary active transport
Variable appearence tissue in the urinary bladder, ureters, urethra, allows for Stretching & protection without rupture
urothelium
Tiny fibers (hairlike) that move microbes out of the airways , remove foreign particles
Cilia