First try
What is a tissue?
A group of specialised cells with similar strucutre .
What is an organ?
A group of tissues working together to produce a specific function.
What is an organ system?
A group of organs which work together to perform a certain function.
What happens in the mouth ? - Digestive System
Enzymes in the mouth digest starch into simple sugars.
What happens in the stomach? - Digestive System
-Enzymes begin the digestion of proteins.
- Contains HCL which help the digestion of proteins .
-Churning turns it into a fluid and increases SA
What happens in the Small Intestine? - Digestive System
-Chemicals are released from the Pancreas and the Liver
- The Pancreas releases enzymes which continue the digestion of starch and proteins and begin the digestion of lipids
- The liver releases bile which speeds up the digestion of lipids and neutralises the stomach acid
- The walls of the S.I contain enzymes which continue the digestion of lipids and proteins
- Small molecules get absorbed into the blood stream
What happens in the Large Intestine? - Digestive System
The fluid goes into the L.I where water is asborbed into the bloodstream . It is then released into the faeces.
What is an enzyme?
A biological catalyst which speeds up chemical reactions and is a large protein molecule.
How and What does proteins get broken down into and where is it found?
How- Protease
What- Amino Acids
Where- Stomach ,Pancreatic fluid, Small Intestine
How,Where,What does Starch get broken down into?
How- Amylase
Where- Saliva,Pancreatic fluid
What- Simple Sugars
How,What,Where does lipids get broken down into?
How-Lipase
What-Gylercol, 3 Fatty Acids
Where- Pancreatic Fluid,Small Intestine
Where is Bile made?
Liver
Where is Bile stored?
Gall bladder
What does Bile do to lipids?
-Speed up the digestion of lipids.
- Emulsifies ipids which increases SA
-Is alkaline so neutralises stomach acid.
What do we use to test for starch? What colour will it form?
Test-Iodine
Positive - Blue black
Negative - Orange
What do we use to test for sugars? What colour will it form?
Test- Benedicts Reagant
Positive - Green (little),Yellow(moderate),Brick Red(Alot)
What do we use to test for Proteins? What colour will it form?
Test-Biuret Reagent
Positive- Lilac
What do we use to test for lipids? What colour will it form?
Test- Ethanol & Water
Positive - Cloudy White Precipitate
Negative- Colourless
Give me 4 adaptations of the Small Intestine.
- Very long which increases SA
- Villi which increase SA and contain micro villi which increase SA further
- Good bloody supply so the bloodstream can move products faster and increases concentration gradient
- Thin Membrane - shorter diffusion path
How many chambers do the heart have? What are they?
-4 Chambers
-Right/left Atrium
-Right/left Ventricle
Describe the process on how blood gets oxygenated?
- Vena Cava brings in deoxygenated blood from the body
-The blood passes from the heart to the lungs through the pulmonary artery
-The lungs collect oxygen
-The oxygenated blood then passes from the lungs to the heart through the pulmonary vein
- Blood pumped from the heart to the body through aorta
Describe the process which includes the 4 chambers?
- Blood enters throguh the atria
-right side -Body- lungs
-left side - lungs to body
-The Atria contract which forces blood out of the heart
-Ventricles contract force blood out of the heart
-Valves stop the back flow of blood
Why does the left side of the heart have a thicker muscular wall?
The left side carries/pumps blood to the body which creates more pressure.
What is the structure and function of the coronary artereis?
Strucutre-They branch out of the aorta into the heart muscles
Function- Provides oxygen to the muscle cells in the heart
What is the resting heart rate controlled by?
Pacemaker
Where is a pacemaker found?
In the right atrium.