Chapter 6
The view that the ability & need to form an attachment relationship early in life are genetic characteristics of all human beings
Attachment theory
Disorders that impair an individuals ability to understand and engage in the give and take of Social relationships
Autism spectrum disorders
Infants use of others facial expressions as a guide to their emotions
Social referencing
Process of selecting experiences on the basis of temperament
Niche - picking
pattern of attachment in which an infant avoids contact with the parent and shows no preference for parent over others
Avoidant attachment
Being sensitive to the Child's verbal & nonverbal cues & responding appropriately
contingent responsiveness
Mutual, interlocking pattern of attachment behaviors shared by a parent and a Child
synchrony
Degree to which an infants temperament is adaptable to his environment & vice versa
Goodness of fit
When 2 people are focusing their attention on an object & each are aware the other is attending to the same object
Joint attention
An infants awareness that he is a separate person who endures through time & space & can act on the environment
subjective self
Pattern of attachment in which an infant readily separates from the parent, seeks proximity when stressed, and uses the parent as a safe base for exploration
Secure attachment
Pattern of attachment in which an infant seems confused or apprenhesive & shows contradictory behavior, such as moving toward the parent while looking away from him or her
Disorganized attachment
Expressions of discomfort, in the presence of strangers
stranger anxiety
Inborn predispositions, such as activity level, that form the foundations of personality
Temperament
A pattern of responding to people and objects in the environment
personality
Pattern of attachment in which the infant shows little exploratory behavior, is greatly upset when separated from parent, and is not reassured by the parents return or efforts to comfort him
Ambivalent attachment