health and social (advanced info)
what is the purpose of the SOGS test schedule of growing skills document
The purpose of the SGS assessment is to give a ‘snapshot’ of the development of a child between 0-5 yrs. old to identify if there are any delays and identify the strengths of each child. They assess 9 key areas such as passive posture, active posture , locomotor, manipulative , visual , hearing & language, speech & language, interactive social and self-care social.
who may use the sogs test
health care professionals such as paediatricians and health visitors to monitor whether a child is developing normally and to identify potential issues
what are the benefits of using a SOGS document
it allows the professionals to see if there are any significant issues and if they detect any concerns, they are able to put in place strategies to support the child and deal with the problem early on
identify key physical, interllectual, emotional and social changes that take place in infancy
PHYSICAL
- learn to crawl
- learn to walk
- teeth come through from 6 months
INTERLLECTUAL
- crying used to communicate
- by 2 they will have 200 words
- learn from parents and siblings
EMOTIONAL
- bonding with main careers
- responds to cuddles and voice of career
- attachment relationship with main career
SOCIAL
- will want attention
- temper tantrums are common as they rty to be inderpendent
- play favourites with individuals
identify key physical, interllectual, emotional and social changes that take place in childhood
PHYSICAL
- balance increases
- learn to skip and ride a bike
- hold a pencil and colour neatly
INTERLLECTUAL
- learn to read and write
- vocabulary increases
- speech improves
EMOTIONAL
- develop self-confidence
- start to appreciate others feelings
- may get fustrated if things dont go their way
SOCIAL
- can be argumentative and selfish
- may start to prefer same sex friendships
- make friends in primary school
identify key physical, interllectual, emotional and social changes that take place in adolescence
PHYSICAL
- puberty starts for most
- hips widen in girls
- breasts develop in girls
- testicles descend in boys
INTERLLECTUAL
- knowledge increases
- studying for gcses
- able to think in a more abstarct way
EMOTIONAL
- feelings of anxiety may occur
- may feel attracted to another person sexually
- can struggle with exam pressure
SOCIAL
- experiment with clothes, language etc due to friends
- relience on friends opinions
- secondary socialisation more prominent
identify key physical, interllectual, emotional and social changes that take place in adulthood
PHYSICAL
- growth has stopped
- Skin start to loose elasicity
- menapause
INTERLLECTUAL
- many go to university
- knowledge increases
- cope with challanges better
EMOTIONAL
- stress of work may cause anxiety and depression
-children may bring happiness and stress
- often in a loving relationship
SOCIAL
- leave home and live independently
- develop work friendships
- may settle down and marry or form civil partnership
identify key physical, interllectual, emotional and social changes that take place in later adulthood
PHYSICAL
- hearing will deteriorate
- bones get weaker
- eyesight will detiriorate
INTERLLECTUAL
- memory start to detiriorate
- some will suffer with demetia
- recall of knowledge will be longer
EMOTIONAL
- many will feel isolated or lonely (loved ones lost)
- many will have the love of grandchildren
- feelings of anxiety due to loosing independence
SOCIAL
- may require social support from family
- as friends pass loneliness will occur
- may withdraw from social life if struggling physically
what is a fine motor skill and an example
the control, refinement and development of the smaller muscles of the hands and feet. They allow us to pick things up and write with a pen, hold a fork etc.
what is a gross motor skill and an example
the control, refinement and development of the larger muscles of the body such as the arms, legs and head. These include learning to walk, ride a bike and being able to support the head as an infant
which develop more quickly gross or fine motor skills
gross motor skills
as fine motor skills take more time to refine as they require more sophisticated skills which are learnt more gradually. Infants always develop from the head down so will gain control of the muscles of the head and neck before those of the legs, feet and hands
identify the imapcts of puberty on PIES
PHYSICAL
- periods start
- voice deepens
- testicles drop
- breasts develop
INTERLLECTUAL
- hormonal changes may affect focus level in school
- may struggle with authority if trying to show off to peers
- sleep patterns are effected so may struggle in school if tired
EMOTIONAL
- mood swings are common
- anxiety and other mental health issues occur
- intimate relationships may start meaning feelings of love
SOCIAL
- adolescents are more influenced by peers (socialisation)
- may take risks with behaviour and try drugs
- some may find transition difficult so may isolate themselves
what is menopause
the end of a womans reproductive life. it is the time when the production of oestrogen is reduced and eggs stop being released from the ovaries
when does menopause occur
generally between the ages of 50-55
identify the impact of menopause on PIES
PHYSICAL
- ovaries stop producing eggs so periods stop
- late night sweats
- hot flushes
- sore breats
INTERLLECTUAL
- brain fog will affect them working to the best of their ability
- emotional impact makes them feel inadequate
- many women have to leave work due to symptoms
EMOTIONAL
- lack of oestrogen = severe mood swings
- tearful for no reason
- issues with work will cause stress
SOCIAL
- women may be focused on their bodies so isolate themselves
- emotional outbursts and weight gain may make them too self-conscious to go out
features of ageing
hair loss
hearing declines
bladder weakness
joints are stiffer
muscles weaken
how does language develop in infancy
0-3 MONTHS
-crying inicates emotions
-vocal sounds like cooing
3-6 MONTHS
-babbling
-laughing
6-12 MONTHS
-makes sounds like na-na and ga-ga
12-15 MONTHS
-starts to say about 10-15 words
18-2 YEARS
-upto 50 words
-puts words together
-asks questions
how does language develop in childhood
BY 3
-uses 300 words
-descriptive words
-uses pronouns
BY 4
-uses 4-6 word sentences
-may struggle with irregular words e.g. runned instead of ran
BY 5
-easily understood by adults
-can use sentences well
BY 7
-can use long complex sentences
how does language develop in adolescences
know to speak to friends and teachers differently
-may use 'street talk'
how does language develop in adulthood
-they will need to use language to convey instructions at work
-reading will increase vocablary and the way they speak
how does language develop in later adulthood
- may struggle to find the right words due to memory loss
how does memory develop in infancy
-recognise people, objects and animals
- until 9 months they cant remember infomation for more than 30 seconds
how does memory develop in childhood
- 2-4 start to recall things (memory starts to develop)
- recalll becomes stronger but they start to forget things that happened in infancy
- memory will continue to be built throughout childhood
as they learn new infomation in school and through reading for pleasure
how does memory develop in adolescents
- recall is much stronger
- practice is needed in order to improve
- memory is needed for acedemic studies
how does memory develop in adulthood
- brains begin to shrink and may start to forget things
- memories from childhood and adolescents will start to be forgotten and replaced
- memory peaks in 20's and declines from the 50's
how does memory develop in later adulthood
-brain foes through changes which can lead to memory loss
- takes longer to learn infomation
- may suffer from dementia
interdependence between physical health and mental health
-if our bodies are healthy on the inside it has been proven that our mental health is positively affected
- diet and exercise = keeps body fit, released endorphins which improves mood
- eating well= less chance of obesity
how does being physically active help well being
-feel happier
-meet new people
-keep kit=less risk of illness
there are negatives
-if exercise becomes an obsession= damage to body=increased levels of stress
what are screening programmes
they are put in place to detect specific disease or condition in a target group in the earliest stages to get early intervention and be able to cure with less invasive treatment
how does screening benefit health and well being
screening can detect a problem early, before you have any symptoms. finding out about a problem early can mean the treatment is more effective and less invasive. finding out you have a health problem, or an increased chance of a health problem can help people make better informed decision about their health
what is breast screening
carried out every 3 years after a woman is 50. The test is called a mammogram, and this involves an uoright x ray type machine which holds the breast between 2 plates and images are taken of the tissue. The ammmogram can detect tumours is the breast early before they can be seen or felt.
what is cervical screening
This is carried out every 3 years, and is often called a smear. It is where cells are taken from the cervix and tested for HPV and abnormal cells (pre cancerous or cancerous cells)
what is bowel screening
the bowel cancer screening test is sent to patients every 2 years in men and women aged 55-74. This involves patients sending a sample of their poo to the screening centre where it is tested. It helps detect bowel cancer.
what is abdominal aortic aneurysm screening (AAA)
it is a one time test in men where they are scanned around the abdomen area to detect any enlargment of the aorta in the abdomen. if any enlargment is detected they can monitor the condition and retest routinely.