pelvis, hip and femur revision
what is the area of interest for a trauma AP pelvis x-ray?
superior aspect of the iliac crests to the proximal femora
what needs to be clearly visualised in an AP hip x-ray?
hip joint and greater trochanter
what is the area of interest for a lateral hip x-ray?
anterior superior iliac spine to proximal shaft of femur
what happens when you break your hip?
reduces blood supply as blood supply to head of femur not great
what age and demographic should all radiographers ask if there's a chance of them being pregnant?
females aged 12 to 55
what is the exposure factor for an AP pelvis x-ray?
85kV, 25 mAs
what is the exposure factor for an AP or lateral hip x-ray?
85kV, 25 mAs
what is justified when the neck of the femur is fractured?
chest x-ray
what is an indication of paget's disease?
cotton wool appearance
what is at the bottom of the sacrum?
coccyx
what is the function of the hip joint?
protection, attachment and transfer of weight body to the legs
what is the true and false pelvis?
true pelvis is where the bladder and reproductive organs are and false pelvis is everything outside pelvis rim
what type of joint is the sacro iliac joint?
synovial plane joint
what is the symphis pubis and its function?
the symphis pubis is a cartilagenous joint that expands in the event of childbirth
what are the alternative names for the hip joint?
os coxae and innominate bone
what is the ASIS?
anterior superior iliac spine
what is the muscle that occupies the iliac fossa?
iliacus muscle, attaches to lesser trechanter of femur
what are the ischial tuberosities referred to as?
sitting bones
what can pain in the left iliac fossa mean?
bowel blockage, constipation
what can pain in the right iliac fossa mean?
appendicitis or ectopic pregnancy
what forms the hip joint?
femur, pubis, ilium and ischium
what is the function of the acetabular labrum?
deepen socket, provide stability, keep femur in place
what inserts into the fovea capitis?
ligament of the head of the femur
what goes from the pubis bone to the femur?
pubofemoral ligament
where does the ischiofemoral ligament lie?
from the ischium to the greater trechanter
what is the femoral neck divided into?
subcapital region, transcervical region and basicervical region
what does the adductor tubercle represent?
the distal end point of the medial ridge of the linea aspera
what muscle is found at the ASIS?
ingenual sartorius
what muscle is found at the AIIS?
rectus femoris
what muscles are found at the initial tuberosity?
hamstrings