Understanding the Self
philosophy is etymologically understood as
love of wisdom
the ancient period of western philosophy is characterized as
cosmocentric and logocentric
early greek philosopher s use their capacity for reasoning and observations of the natural world, decide to find an explanation for the most fundamental nature of objects in the natural world.
cosmocentric
ancient greek philosophers plays much importance on the primacy of reason and logic when it comes explaining the nature of the world as well as living a virtuous life.
logocentric
socrates, if an individual acts and lives in accordance to what is proper to the nature of the person then he or she is
living a virtuous life
he is an ancient greek philosopher who believed that the self has an immortal soul that needs to be improved by living a virtuous life.
socrates
what are the socratic method of philosophizing by socrates which he emphasizes importance of self examination.
limitations
potentials
capacities
ignorance
for socrates if you're capable of recognizing the socratic method of philosophizing who eventually start attaining the virtue of ______
wisdom
socrates, knowledge is
ignorance is
wisdom, vice
for plato reality is
dualistic
for plato our physical world is (1)(2)
a world of appearances
real and ideal world of forms
plato, the world as it appears to us in our senses
world of appearances
plato, it is the world where objects in the world of appearances get their form
real and ideal world of forms
plato, what are the three elements of tripartite psyche
the appetitive
the spirited
the mind
plato, what element of psyche or soul consists of one's pleasures, desires physical satisfaction and comforts.
the appetitive
plato, what element of psyche or soul is the motivated element which fights back to ensure that the appetitive is controlled.
the spirited
plato, what element of soul or psyche is and should be the most superior element which can and should control how the self is expressed it controls the appetitive and spirited elements resulting to appropriate behavior
the mind
it is characterized to be theocentric because during this time philosophy was used by patristic and medieval thinkers to provide reason-based support to defend the faith especially that of christianity.
patristic and medieval philosophies
he was a patristic philosopher and theologian who acknowledged that he was a sinner
St Augustine
he was convinced that platonism and christianity were natural partners
saint augustine
plato's ultimate reality the eternal of forms became in augustine's philosophy a
transcendent god
modern philosophy is characterized as being
anthropocentric
this period puts philosophy into central focus of the human and his capacity for reasoning
modern philosophy
he is considered the father of modern philosophy
rene descartes
he is considered to be one of the most influential philosophers in western philosophy having shifted away from theocentric philosophical views to more anthropocentric ones
rene descartes
he is considered a pioneer of rationalism which states that knowledge is possible even if one does not have experience.
rene descartes
Descartes, for rationalists knowledge is
a priori
descartes utilized this method called which entailed subjecting everything that we know including the different sources of our knowledge into a doubt. meaning everything should not be immediately accepted as truth unless certain
the methodic doubt
descartes, for when one is doubting his obviously thinking and when he's thinking he must be existing. it is here that most famous idea ____ came about
Cogito Ergo Sum (I think, therefore I am)
for Descartes the self is known other than the
cogito
according to rene descartes methodic doubt and implies that through our ____, we're able to process, evaluate, and self reflect
minds
he was an advocate of empiricism
john locke
john locke, in contrast to rationalism this believes that knowledge is only possible after one has attained experiences.
empiricism
john locke, for the empiricist knowledge is
a posteriori (after experience)
john locke argued that at birth the mind is a
tabula rasa (empty space)
for john locke since ________ always companies thinking and it is that which makes everyone to be what he calls self and thereby distinguishes himself from all other thinking things in this alone consists personal identity.
consciousness
for john locke the self is
consciousness
he was an empiricist who proposed idea that the self does not exist
david hume
who believed our selfhood are products of the sensory impressions we have of what we feel with our bodies via our senses. self cannot exist if information about it is temporary and continually changing sensations.
david hume
according to him our mind is a kind of theater where several perceptions excessively make the reference pass repass glide away and mingle in an infinite variety of postures and situations.
david hume
his concept of transcendental unity implies that a person is solely responsible in creating meaning in the world this includes constantly creating his own self.
immanuel kant
according to him yourself is a subject an organizing principle that makes a unified and intelligible experience possible
emmanuel kant
immanuel kant accords the self "___" status: it exists independently of experience. the self regulates experienced by making unified experience possible.
immanuel kant
for him "an unexamined life is not worth living"
socrates
he said that it is not enough to have a good mind; to maintain is to use it well
rene descartes