A Level Biology - Unit 1
What's a Monomer?
Are smaller units in which larger molecules are made. (Polymers).
What's a Polymer?
Larger molecules that are made up from repetitive smaller chemical units. (Monomers).
What's a Condensation reaction?
Where two molecules join together with the formation of a chemical bond.
What's a Condensation Polymerisation reaction?
Where a small molecule, usually water, is produced as a byproduct.
What's Hydrolysis?
The breaking of chemical bonds between two molecules due to a reaction with water.
What are Monosaccharides?
Monomers from which carbohydrates are made.
What are some examples of Monosaccharides?
Glucose, Galactose and Fructose.
How can Monosaccharides be joined and split apart?
The same ways amino acids can, by a Condensation reaction and can be split apart by means of Hydrolysis.
In a Condensatiom reaction, what's the Resultant Bond called between Monosaccharides?
A Glycosidic bond.
What's a Disaccharide?
Any class of sugars whose molecules contain two Monosaccharides.
How's a Water Molecule formed?
By in a condensatio reaction, one OH is lost from a group in one of the molecules and one H is lost from the other from its OH group.
What's are some examples of a Disaccharide?
Sucrose, Lactose and Maltose.
Which Monosaccharide can occur in two different forms?
Glucose.
What's Maltose?
A Disaccharide made from the condensation of two glucose molecules, in a carbon 1-4 glycosidic bond. ( In the case of two a-glucose ).
What's Sucrose made from?
Fructose and Glucose. ( With a 1-2 Glyocsidic bond and alpha glucose ).
What are Polysaccharides?
They're very large polymers that comprimise many monosaccharides.
What's Amylose?
A long chain molecule composed of 1-4 glycosidic bonds.
What's Amylopectin?
A long branched chain molecule that contains both 1-4 and 1-6 glycosidic bonds.
Is Amylose branched?
No.
Are Amylose and Amylopectin Monomers or Polymers?
They're Polymers.
What's the formula for Polysaccharides?
(C6H10O5)n.
How are Polysaccharides formed?
By the condensation of many glucose monosaccharides.
Are Polysaccharides Soluable or Insoluable?
They're quite insoluable.