Purposive Communication Prelim
The model considers communication,a process involving a back and forth message exchange between a sender and a receiver
DYNAMICS
The communication happen and to be considered transactional but not necessarily face to face, so video phone goals and instant messaging apps for all under transactional communication
Real-time
Both the sender and the receiver share joint responsibility for how effective the communication is
Mutual Responsibility
The transactional model of communication takes into account the physical, social, cultural,relational, and psychological context in which communication takes place
Context
The model recognize the impact of nonverbal cues and behavior ,like facial expressions and gestures and communication and helps retrieve information as people interact
Nonverbal Communication
According to the model the goal of communication is rather long term not to deliver a specific message but to build relationship between communicators
Forming Relationship
this implies that giving and receiving information about communication is integral to communication
feedback
external and internal factors influence communication including noise destructions and the senders and receivers emotional states
noise
in this model communication is considered successful when the sender and the receiver share the same meaning of the message
shared meaning
communication is continuous and occurs both consciously and unconsciously
continuity
a process by which people send messages or exchange ideas or thoughts with one another and a verbal and nonverbal manner
communication
communication is the process of sending and receiving messages sometimes through spoken or written words and sometimes nonverbally through facial expression gestures and voice qualities who state this
ober and newman, 2013
who stated that communication is the process of using messages to generate meaning
pearson, et al.2011
who state that in its simplest form communication is the transmission of a message from a source to a receiver
baran 2011
who stated that communication is the process of sending information to oneself or another entity usually via a language
Palta, 2007
who stated that communication is a systemic process in which people interact with and through symbols to create an interpret meanings
wood 2012
who stated that problem speaking communication is a process of sharing opinions and information ideas and feelings
jimenez and alparo 2000
who stated that there are four key terms that should be defined to fully understand communication process systems symbols and meaning
wood 2012
implies continuity and the context of communication one never stops from communicating as it is ongoing activity it is a dynamic as it continually changes communication is never static
process
communication is considered a process because it is an activity and itself it is not an object that you can just simply perceive using one of your senses but it is an activity in which you participate
pearson et al.2011
in the definition of communication presented at the beginning of this chapter phrases such as oneself to another entity from a source to a receiver and people interact suggest the communication operates with a system
system
symbol is represented by language and in over and humans it is indicated by spoken or written words and facial expression gestures and voice qualities for others it is embedded and the term message
palta 2007
the use of this allows people to perceive abstract arbitrary and ambiguous representation of things using the senses
symbols
what is the heart of communication
meaning
it refers to the lateral meaning of the message it is parallel to the denotative meaning of the message
content level
it expresses that relationship between communicators this can be the connotative meaning of a message
relationship level
this is the verbal and nonverbal form of the idea thought or feeling that one intends to communicate to another person or group of people
message
pertains to the language one authors it comes in the form of words phrases and sentences which can either be oral or written
verbal message
it refers to the gestures body movements sign language and facial expressions that carry with them their own meaning
nonverbal message
it is the receiver's verbal and nonverbal response to the source of message ideally when one delivers a message are responses expected the response however does not necessarily have to be verbal for it to be considered
feedback
it refers to the means with which the message is delivered as the message moves from the source to the receiver it passes through a medium or a channel with can be air waves and cable sound waves and sound and light waves
channel
in human communication this pertains to language a systematic arrangement of symbols used to create meaning in the mind of awesome yells stop as you approach a street the word stop serves as a symbol that you are likely to interpret a warning or danger
code
define as the process of translating an idea or a thought into a code
encoding
when your classmates hear this verbal descriptions they start using these words and develop their own mental image this process is called process of assigning meaning to an idea or a thought
decoding
in the context of communication this refers to any interface and encoding and decoding process which affect the clarity and understanding of a message consider the same scenario in the previous item
noise or barrier
the definition of communication and its elements can also be further understood and the light of framework or model to see their interrelatedness the common models of communication that have been utilized over years
communication process
also called the transmission model this model is based on the assumption that communication is transmitted in a straightforward manner from a sender to a receiver this clearly reflects that communication is a one way process
linear model
as mentioned earlier in the lesson communication can be understood by answering the five questions provided by harold laswell
laswell's verbal model
what are the components of laswell's model
sender message medium receiver feedback
what are the components of shannon weaver's model of communication
sender encoder channel decoder receiver
this model is in contrast with the linear one which considers communication as flowing only in one direction from a sender to a receiver
interactive
the message that is delivered back to the sender is called
feedback
the message that is delivered back to the sender is called feedback which isdepicted by
Wilbur Schramm
according to him the communicators field of experience explain why misunderstanding occurs
Wilbur Schramm
from wood 1997 and response to the failure of the this model was adopted interactive model to portray the dynamism of human communication the linear model is sequential that it only looks into communication as a process in which one communicates to another who then sends feedback to the former
transactional model