cell cycle
somatic cells and sex cells
eukaryotic cells
cells that make your organs and tissues
somatic cells
the only cells that are not somatic sperms and egg (gametes)
sex cells
in eukaryotes cell division occurs in two major stage
cell division
division of the cell nucleus is called
mitosis
division of the cell cytoplasm is called
cytokenesis
series of events that cell go through as they 'grow and divide'
cell cycle
period of growth that occurs between cell division
interphase
synthesizes new proteins and organelles
g1
once a cell enters the _____ it usually completes the rest of the cell cycle
s phase
organelles and molecules required for cell division are produced
g2
chromatin and chromosomes
dna
long thin strands made up of dna and protein the protein helps the dna to stay together where chromosomes form
chromatin
genetic information is passed from one generation to the next on
chromosomes
consists of "two identical sister" chromatids
chromosomes
each pair of chromatids is attached at an area called the
centromere
forms to identical daughter cells exactly like the original
mitosis
the first and longest phase of mitosis
prophase
centrioles separate and take of positions and opposite side
prophase
centrioles lie in a region called the "centromere"
prophase
sentry song helps to organize the spindle a fun like microtubule structure that help separate the chromosomes
prophase
second phase of mitosis
metaphase
chromosomes line up across the center of the cell
metaphase
microtrobules connect the centromere of each chromosomes to the poles of the spindle
metaphase
third phase of mitosis
anaphase
sister chromatid separate into individual chromosomes
anaphase
chromosomes continue to move until they have separated into two groups
anaphase
fourth and final phase of mitosis
telophase
chromosomes gather at opposite ends of the cell and lose their distinct shape
telophase
a new nuclear envelope forms around each cluster of chromosomes
telophase
the cytoplasm pinches in half
cytokinesis
each daughter cell has an identical set of duplicate chromosomes
cytoplasm division
single cell usually a fertilized egg change into the bus array of cell types such as nerve cell muscle cells and epithelial cells that characterize an adult cell
cellular differentiation
lead cells to assume their final morphology and physiology
cellular differentiation
process by which and specialized cells become specialized to carry out distinct functions
cellular differentiation