Science test
What is Cell Theory
All living things are made of one or more cells.
The cell is the basic unit of structure and organisation.
New cells arise from pre-existing cells.
What is Unicellular
Organisms that are only one cell big. E.g. Bacteria
What is Multicellular
Organisms made up of multiple cells working together. Eg. Plants and animals.
What is a Prokaryote?
An organism without a nucleus
What is a Eukaryote?
An organism that has a nucleus when its made but the nucleus can go away if not needed.
What is an Organelle?
What's in a cell.
What is a nucleus?
The control centre of a cell, holds DNA.
What is a Cell membrane?
Elastic wall of a cell, keeps everything in, it also controls what comes in and out.
What is a Ribosome?
The consctruction workers of the cell.
What is a Mitochondria?
The organelle that makes power for the cell by cellular respiration, produces carbon dioxide waste.
What is a Cytoplasm?
The backround "jelly" that fills the cell.
Define Cellular respiration.
The process of breaking down glucose/sugar and turning it into energy. Its waste product is carbon dioxide.
What are Large Vacuoles?
Storage for water and other things the cell needs.
What is a "Cell wall"?
Hard, porous structure on the outside of the membrane that
gives shape to plant cells.
What is a Chloroplast?
The place in a cell where photosynthesis occurs.
What is photosynthesis?
The process where plants use sunlight to turn water and carbon dioxide into sugar which is stored and used l later on.
What is a Specialised cell?
Cells that complete a specific task e.g. Muscle cells, nerve cells, red blood cells.
What are the levels of organisation?
Atoms - molecules - proteins - organelles - cells - tissue - organs - systems - organisms
What is the Respiratory system?
The body system that controls breathing. Major components: Trachea, lungs, diaphragm.
Respiratory system order?
Air into mouth - passes the esophagus - passes the epiglotus - passes the larynx and trachea - goes into lungs - bronchi - bronchioles - alveoli.
What is the circulatory system?
The system that moves blood around the body.
What are the major components of the circulatory system?
heart, arteries, veins and capillaries.
What are the purposes for parts of the circulatory system?
Heart - pumps blood.
Arteries - carry blood from the heart
Capillaries - tiny blood vessels that connect to the cells.
veins - carry blood from the body back to the heart.
Compare Asexual and sexual reproduction.
Asexual, one parent organism, can only make exact genetic copies.
sexual, Two parent organisms, always makes genetically differently offspring.