KINE1102 midterm
L1- components of the thoracic cage
sternum
thoracic spine
ribs
L1- apertures of thoracic cage
superior and inferior thoracic apertures
L1- anatomy of sternum and landmarks
1) manubrium: suprasternal notch that lines up with TII
2) body of sternum: sternal angle that lines up with TIV/ TV
3) xiphoid process: xphisternal joint that lines up with TIX
L1- cavities of thoracic cage
pulmonary (2)
mediastinum
L1- Great vessels of the heart
1) IVC
2) SVC
3) pulmonary veins (4)
4) PT
4) AORTA- ascending aorta
- arch of aorta
- descending aorta
significance of ligamentum arteriousm
results from shunt mechanism in fetal blood flow called Ductus arterious essentially since lungs develop last and heart develops first to prevent blood flow from to goingunderdeveloped lungs from PT, a duct shunts blood to aorta instead when oxygenated blood is received from mothers placenta/UC
L1 Explain blood flow through the heart
1) Deoxygenated blood enters from SVC/IVC into RA. 2)blood from RA goes through AVV and into RV
3) blood from RV goes through PSIV and to PT where deoxygenated blood goes to the lungs. 4) oxygenated blood from lungs enters through PV (4)
5) O blood enters LA goes through AVV and into Lv
6) Blood from LV goes through ASLV and Circulates throughout whole body from the aorta
L1 Describe structure of the Right Atrium
-Inner surface is smooth
- Pectinate: rough outer surface for contraction
- cresta terminalis: separates the two types of muscle
Interartial septum: seperates LA and RA
L1 Explan importance of fossa oralis
Another fetal mechanism called foramen ovale
shunt between left and nght Atrium to skip blood flow from going to ventricles
L1 structure of Right ventncle
Atroventncular valves: 1)TRicuspid valve
2)BIcuspid valve
semilunar valves: 1) pulmonary semilunar
2) Aortic semilunar valve
L1 Auscultutation of the Heart
1) Aortic valve → Parasternal line: Right second intercostal
2)Pulmonary valve → parasternal line: Left second intercostal
3)TRIcuspidvalve→Parasternal line: left fifth intercostal
4) BIcuspid valve → Midclavicular line: left fifth intercostal
L1 Pericardium of The Heart
1) fibrous pericardium
2) Parietal pericardium
3) visceral pericardium
Pericardial cavity→ space between Parietal and visceral filled with serous fluid
L1 Pericardial sinuses
1) Transverse → PT, aorta
2) oblique → Posterior PT
L1 Pericardial Effusion
condition of built up serous fluid that can be treated through Pericardiocentisis→ needle insertion between xiphold process and costal margin and directed to anterior wall of Right ventricle