Africanna Studies: Middle Kingdom
Mentuhotep II commissioned the construction of the Royal Edifices in Upper Egypt 🇪🇬 during his Middle Kingdom reign . The Funerary Chapel emerged on Abydos . Elsewhere , 7 Monolithic Temples evolved at these locations: Aswan , Armant , Karnak , Tod , Elkab , Denderah , and Gebslein . Mentuhotep II galvanized in his pursuit & embrace of the Religious Temples . Its very institution promulgated the dedification of Amun Ra. The Egyptian pictographs manifested the imagery of African pulchritude in kaleidoscopic melanin and Negroid features . Emphatically , his Religious Temple promulgated the spiritual essence of the Deification of Amun Ra . Mentuhotep II glorified his Mortuary Temple. The Mortuary sprouted up in THIS Necropolis. Devout worshippers identified the Pharaoh with the God Osiris . Where was this Burial Mortuary and Sepulcher situated ?
Theban Necropolis of Deir EL Bahari
What regional area was chosen to relace Memphis as the Political Assembly ?
Thebes
Mentuhotep II of the Middle Kingdom ensured International and Domestic Diplomacy. He established connection with two Southern Kush regions of the 2nd cataracts . Identify them.
Wawat & Irthet
What began as the Egyptian 1st political seat of Assembly in the Old Kingdom ?
Memphis
When did the 1st Intermediate Period evolve and emerge following the Old Kingdom ( 3100 B.C - 2200s B.C. ) destabilization & sunderance ?
2200 B.C. - 2041 B.C.
There was further destabilization of the Old Kingdom of Egypt in the wake of the Nomes ( provincial ) Governor's inquisitorial examination of the Pharaoh's Divinity claim . What happened in 2200 B.C. ?
Asiatic Invasion of the Nile Delta
One of the Sandstone statuary revealed the portraiture of Mentuhotep II with crisscrossed arms . His strong African physiognomy radiated superbly with Negroid features. His sculptural head was adorned with this unique and tall headdress , namely a crown . What is this Crown called ?
Deshret
Memphis and Thebes were Ancient Capitals . Cairo is the neoteric Capital of what Northern African Country ?
Egypt 🇪🇬
A hot , sultry , and dust bearing wind of the North African desert 🏜. Identify this .
Ghibli
This Dark Age spanned 125 years from circa 2181 B.C. - 2055 B.C. . Political rivalry existed between 2 influential bases : Thebes of Upper Egypt and Heraclepolis of Lower Egypt . Mentuhotep II , the Theban Ruler , brought this epochal era to a standstill and engineered a Reunification of Lower & Upper Egypt. What was this epochal era that he ended called ?
First Intermediate Period
Formerly , Bujumbura was the Capital of Burundi . What is the neoteric name ?
Gitega
What were the Hyksos' technological contribution that revolutionized Egyptian civilization 🇪🇬. The inspired Egyptian denizens began the assimilative diffusion of both those utilitarian technologies across the Sahara and NorthAfrica.
Horse-drawn Chariots & Bronz Weaponry
The Crucible of the Egyptian Old Kingdom surfaced amidst the 3rd Millennium B.C. Its time capsule spanned from 3100 B.C. to 2200 B.C. The objuration of the Pharaoh's Divinity came into existence. Who of the Nome's vicinity questioned the Pharaonic Autocracy ?
Governor
A province of Ancient Egypt 🇪🇬 . Its Greek Etymology is ' nomis ' / "..nomos ' meaning pasturage and district . The plurality of this lexicon ends in ' s '
Nome
The Second Intermediate Period ( 2016 B.C. - 1580 B.C. ) encountered irruption , instability , incursion , and invasion of Egypt 🇪🇬 by this Asiatic genre . In neoteric Egyptology , this Conqueror's name is phonetically pronounced as ' Hekau Khasut ' . It means in all transliteration ' Ruler of the Foreign Land ' . As King of the 15th Dynasty ( 1650 B.C. - 1550 B.C. ) , they held the seat of assembly at the City of Avaris in the Nile Delta . They reigned over Lower & Middle Egypt . Presumably , their ethnic affiliations were either West Semitic Levantes or Canaanites . Who were these Asiatic Rulers of 436 years of reign until 1580 B.C. ?
Hyksos
An Archaeological team as led by this founder from 1921 to 1922 conducted the excavation of Mentuhotep II. It was the Pharaoh's posthumous Foundational offering , metaphorically speaking , of the funerary cattle , beef rib , bowls of fruits , loaves of bread 🍞 , & barley , faience , fleece scepter , and mud brick bearing the inscription name of the Royalty ( Mentuhotep II ) . This was also true of the monogrammed sheet of fabric , so salvaged. Behold , the astounded team stumbled upon Mentuhotep II's Sandstone Statuary. It magnified his imposing and pulchritudinous African physiognomy ( e.g. Negroid bone structure , nose , and lips . ) A past awakening of truth stunned this European scientist .
H . Winlocks
The watering of crop cultivars and land by artificial means such as the shadoof . Its mechanism fosters & enhances botanical growth . The Ancient Egyptian used the shadoof to hoist water and began to irrigate the field . The word irrigate ìs an etymological derivative of Latin lexicon , ' irrigatio ' ( past participle ) and ' irrigate ' ( ìnfinitive ' ) . What is the functional noun ?
Irrigation
The next and nascent epochal Era called the Middle Kingdom immediately came after the 1st Intermediate Period of political dissonance and precariousness . Who reìgned from 2041 B.C. to 2016 B.C. ?
Mentuhotep II
In the Egyptian Linguistics, Mentuhotep II was known as ' Mntwhp ' meaning "... Mentu is satified..." His prenomen ' Nebhepetre ' meant " ...The Lord of the Rudder is Ra..." This Sixth Ruler of the 11th Dynasty became the 1st African Nubian Pharaoh of the Middle Kingdom who reigned for 51 ÿears as per ' Turin King Canon ' . Subsequently , His titulary altered to ' Shemattawy ' meaning " He who unifies the two lands .." Mentuhotep II's Unification of Upper & Lower Egypt ended the 1st Intermediate Period ( 2200 - 2041 B.C. ) . He ushered in political reformation via centralization . The Pharaonic creation of Govenors orchestrated their governance over the once bifurcated regions. It disempowered the Nomarçh who once governed 42 provinces called ' nomes ' .Pharaoh's Supremacy prevailed as the Thebans pledged allegiance to the Divine King
Mentuhotep II's Government
Metical is the currency of which African country . Hence , it was recently elected as the Security Council in June 2022 .
Mozambique 🇲🇿
Maputo is the Capital of which African Nation : Zimbabwe 🇿🇼 or Mozambique 🇲🇿?
Mozambique 🇲🇿
This adjectival lexicon has the denotative character of ' atavistic and awe inspiring aspect with rich mystique ' . Etymologically speaking , the Latin term is 'numerous ' meaning arousing "...spiritual and religious emotions..."
Numinous
A counterbalanced sweep used to hoist water for land and crop irrigation . Its utilitarian technology since Ancient Egyptian time . The Arabic Etymology is ' shaduf ' . Ancient Egyptian engaged in land management and irrigation by using this artificial means , ahmgain , to hoist up the bucket of water .
Shadoof
The Ancient Egyptian held ceremony in commemoration of the Pharaoh's lengthy rule. Alternatively , it was known ìn the Egyptian Linguistics as , '...wepwawet ' . What was this festive occasion called ?
Sed Festival
The glory days of Mentuhotep II of the Middle Kingdom succumbed to travail and dissolution . The patterns of political dissonance , internecine struggles, instability, ineptitude , and incertitude mobilized and entrenched in 2016 B.C. What was this Epochal Era called ?
Second Intermediate Period
Mentuhotep II in the Egyptian Linguistics was known by each titular of 3 . He was identified as the ' Mntwhp' meaning , "...Mentu...is satisfied ..." The titular Nebhepetre is transliterated for "..The Lord of the Rudder is Ra..." This 6th Ruler of the 11th Dynasty according to the "..Turin King Canon ( list ) ..." became the 1st Nubian Pharaoh of the Middle Kingdom who reigned for 51 years . His final and last titular status was altered to "...Shematawy ..." meaning "...He who Unifies the two lands..." Each titular exemplified Royalty as known by THIS appellative term .
Prenomen of Mentuhotep II
A provincial governor in Ancient Egypt 🇪🇬 who subdivided the Country into 42 provinces called Nomes .
Nomarçh
In the Egyptian Linguistics , Mentuhotep II was known as " Mntwhp meaning , " ..Mentu is satified..." His prenomen identified him as ' Nebhepetric , which translated to '" The Lord of the Rudder is Ra.." As the 6th Ruler of the 11th Dynasty , he became the 1st African Nubian Pharaoh of the Middle Kingdom where he reigned for 51 years ( provenance , Wikipedia ) . One of his titular read , ' ...He who Unifies the two lands.." Mentuhotep II's Unification of Lower
and Upper Egypt 🇪🇬 ended the 1st Intermediate Period ( 2200 B.C. - 2041 B.C. ) . His centralization of government began the inevitable reform . By installing the Governor for the bifurcated Egyptian regions , he dis-empowered the Nomarçh's role . This Pharaoh entrenched his Autocracy . What provenance is this summarized and adumbrated from ?
Turin King Canon List
The religious Temple embraced the Orison ( Supplication ) of and the deified worship of ___?___ . Hence , Anagram this ' Ra munA '
Amun Ra
What is the Thebans Necropolis of Deir El Bahari ?
The Mortuary of Mentuhotep II
Where was the Middle Kingdom's Political Center of Administration that Mentuhotep II created as a seat of assembly ?
Thebes
Mentuhotep II assumed ownership of the 11th Dynasty as the Pharaoh after his fierce territorial conquest of the 10th Dynasty. He reigned from 2041B.C to 2016 B.C . During which time , he consolidated his Autocracy over the entire Egypt 🇪🇬 under one rulex. Pyramid Construction & International Diplomacy and commerce shaped his dominant policies . His linkage encompassed 2 Kushitic regions . The seat of assembly & political administration thrived to a sublime height . Where did he transfer the Capital from Memphis to ?
Thebes ( Middle Kingdom)
The Neoteric appellation for Thebes of Egypt 🇪🇬 is what ?
Luxor