ACD
Reward deficiency syndrome (RDS)
Dopamine D2 receptors in the ventral striatum (nucleus accumbens) are less sensitive to simple natural rewards
Incentive-sensitization theory
Drug-associated stimuli gradually acquire incentive salience
Opponent-processes theory
Withdrawal symptoms play a central role in the development of addiction
SUD's
1. Larger amount than intended
2. Failing to stop
3. Spending a lot of time
4. Cravings
5. Not managing to fulfill role
6. Using despite it causing relational problems
7. Giving up important activities
8. Using repeatedly despite dangers
9. Withdrawal
10. Tolerance
Addiction
A chronic, relapsing illness, characterized by compulsive drug-seeking and use
Drug abuse is a dual-edged health issue
It affects the health of the individual as well as the public
SMART
Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Realistic, Timely
Overlap between SUD, MAD and AD
- a common risk factor
- substance-induced changes
- self-medication
- symptom overlap
History of models
- Moral model
- Pharmacological model
- Symptomatic model
- Disease model
- Learning theory model
- Bio-psycho-social developmental model
- Brain disease model
Three types of drugs
- Sedatives
- Stimulants
- Psychedelics
Goal-directed behavior
- vmPFC
- Caudate
Habitual behavior
- PMC
- Putamen
EF's
- Error monitoring
- WM
- Decision making
- Inhibitory control
- Cognitive flexibility
Measuring decision making
- delay discounting
- Iowa gambling task
Measuring inhibitory control
- Go/no go task
- stop-signal task
- Stroop task
Measuring cognitive flexibility
Wisconson card sorting task
Pharmacotherapy
- detoxification
- aversive drugs
- anti-craving medication
- preservation treatment
Assumptions behind CBT
- thoughts, behaviors and emotions are learned
- therapeutic alliance is necessary but not sufficient for change
- focus on the here and now
- the client as their own therapist and the importance of homework
- guided discovery as a self-reflection tool
- the scientific practitioner approach and collaborative empiricism
CBT for SUD's
- relapse prevention
- cognitive therapy
- coping skills therapy
- mindfulness based therapies
General cognitive model for SUD's
- early experiences
- beliefs
- (trigger)
- thoughts
- feelings
- behaviors
4 stages of MI
- engaging
- focusing
- evoking
- planning
Community treatment
- AL-anon
- johnson intervention
- CRAFT
- BCT
Three biases
- attentional bias
- approach bias
- memory bias
Attentional bias
dot probe test
approach bias
approach-avoidance task
ABC
- antecedent
- behavior
- consequences
| Cuestionario |
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