cardiovascular system blood vessel
what are the Function of circulatory system:
–Delivering gases (e.g. oxygen), hormones and nutrients to all of the cells of the body
–Removing waste products (e.g Carbon dioxide) from cells for excretion
Components of the circulatory system include:
- Heart
- Blood
- Blood Vessels (vascular system)
a muscular pump to move the blood
Heart
consisting of liquid plasma and cells
Blood
the "channels" (arteries, veins, capillaries) which carry blood to/from all tissues.
Blood Vessels (vascular system)
three types of blood vessels
1. Arteries
2. Veins
3. Capillaries
it carry blood away from the heart.
Arteries
it return blood to the heart.
Veins
this are thin-walled blood vessels in which gas/ nutrient/ waste exchange occurs. Diffusion happens in capillaries (oxygen, CO2, glucose diffuse in or out of blood)
Capillaries
how blood flow
heart > arteries > arterioles > capillaries > venules > veins > back to the heart
what are the three layer of blood vessel
1.Tunica intima
2.Tunica media
3.Tunica adventitia/externa
The innermost layer . This layer is lined by ________, which is comprised of simple squamous epithelial cells. Just deep to the endothelium are a basement membrane and a layer of subendothelial connective tissue that offers support to the overlying cells.
1.Tunica intima/ endothelium
The middle muscular layer (smooth muscle)of the blood vessel is the______
2.Tunica media
The outermost layer of the blood vessels is the _______, also known as the ________. This layer is primarily composed of type I collagen and elastic connective tissue (in arteries). This external layer is responsible for anchoring the vessels to adjacent organs.
3.Tunica adventitia/externa
function:
1. arteries-
2. veins-
3. capillaries-
1. send blood from heart
2. send blood to heart
3. material exchange with tissues
pressure:
1. arteries
2. veins
3. capillaries
1. high
2. low
3. low
lumen diameter:
1. arteries
2. veins
3. capillaries
1. narrow (small)
2. wide
3. extremely narrow (one cell wide)
wall thickness
1. arteries
2. veins
3. capillaries
1. thick
2. thin
3. extremely thin (single cell thick)
wall layer:
1. arteries
2. veins
3. capillaries
1. three
- tunica adventitia
- tunica media
- tunica intima
2. three
- tunica adventitia
- tunica media
- tunica intima
3. one
- tunica intima
muscle & elastic fibres
1. arteries
2. veins
3. capillaries
1. large amount
2. small amount
3. none
valves:
1. arteries
2. veins
3. capillaries
1. no
2. yes
3. no
it is the common condition caused by weak or damaged vein walls and valves.
varicose veins (spider veins)
varicose veins can be treated through injection called_____
sclerotheraphy
dangerous condition of varicose veins
venous stasis ulcer
There are three circulatory "circuits":
1. Pulmonary circulation
2. Systemic circulation
3. Coronary circulation
- the flow of blood between the heart and lungs (It involves the "right heart," which delivers blood to and from the lungs)
= The pulmonary artery carries oxygen-poor blood from the "right heart" to the lungs, where oxygenation and carbon-dioxide removal occur.
= Pulmonary veins carry oxygen-rich blood from the lungs back to the "left heart."
1. Pulmonary circulation
- heart to lungs
- the __________carries oxygen-poor blood from the "right heart" to the lungs, where oxygenation and carbon-dioxide removal occur.
pulmonary artery
- lungs to heart
- the ___________ carry oxygen-rich blood from the lungs back to the "left heart."
Pulmonary veins
- the flow of blood between the heart and the cells of the body. (It is driven by the "left heart," which carries blood to the rest of the body. Food products enter the sytem from the digestive organs into the portal vein. Waste products are removed by the liver and kidneys. All systems ultimately return to the "right heart" via the inferior and superior vena cavae.
Systemic circulation
– the circulation of blood within the heart
The heart has its own nourishing circulatory system
Coronary arteries bring oxygenated blood to the cardiac tissues
Cardiac veins carry deoxygenated blood into the right atrium via the coronary sinus
Coronary circulation
- bring oxygenated blood to the cardiac tissues
Coronary arteries
- deoxygenated blood into the right atrium via the coronary sinus
Cardiac veins
The largest artery in the body; it conducts freshly oxygenated blood from the heart to the tissues.
A.Arch of the aorta
B.Descending aorta
a.Thoracic aorta
b.Abdominal aorta
1.Aorta
Brings deoxygenated blood from the head & pper body (anterior/superior) and lower body (posterior/inferior) to the right atrium
Superior Vena Cava
Large vein that carries deoxygenated blood from the lower half of the body to the right atrium of the heart.
.Posterior Vena Cava
carries deoxygentated blood from the heart to the lungs
Pulmonary Artery
carries oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart
Pulmonary Vein
the artery that branches from the aorta to supply blood to the heart
Coronary Arteries
Blood vessels transporting deoxygenated blood from the heart to the right atrium.
Coronary Veins
- It takes oxygenated blood to head
A. it supplies the scalp, face, throat, thyroid, tongue, ear]
B.It becomes the cerebral arterial circle. (circle of Willis)
It supplies the brain, eyes, forehead, nose
Common Carotid Arteries
- external carotid artery
- internal carotid artery
takes deoxygenated blood from the head to the superior vena cava
.Jugular Veins
return deoxygenated blood from arms to heart
.Subclavian Veins
carry oxygenated blood from heart to arms
Subclavian Arteries
takes oxygenated blood to the intestines
Mesenteric Arteries
carries blood from intestine to liver
Hepatic Portal Vein
vein that collects blood from the liver capillaries and returns it to the heart
Hepatic Vein
Arteries that supply blood to the kidneys
Renal Arteries
Vessels that carry blood away from the kidneys
Renal Veins
takes oxygenated blood to the legs
Iliac Arteries
returns deoxygenated blood from the legs to the posterior vena cava
Iliac Veins