chem 2 theory
which way will the water move (osmosis)?
to the side with the lower concentration (solvent moves)
How does reverse osmosis work?
The application of a pressure greater than the Somatic pressure of the solution
what substances move across a dialysis membrane?
Always water. small molecules (amino acids, glucose, urea, certain ions)
what substances are not permeable across a dialysis membrane?
large molecules (proteins, starch, red blood cells)
what's worse for red blood cells - Isotonic, hypertonic, hypotonic?
Hypotonic- the concentration of solutes outside the Cell is lower than inside the cell. when a red blood cell is in a hypotonic solution water enters the cell, causing swelling/bursting (fatal to cell)
Endothermic
Products at a higher potential energy. Heat energy is absorbed by the system. Begins at lower overall energy.
Exothermic
Products at lower potential energy. Heat energy is given off. System begins at higher overall energy.
effect on reaction rates - Increasing temperature
more collisions, more collisions with activation energy
Effect on reaction rates - increasing reactants concentration
more collisions
effect an reaction rates- adding a catalyst
Lowers energy activation
catalyst
Speeds up reaction without being consumed. Lowers activation energy by altering reaction pathway (different reaction mechanism = different route to the activated complex)
Enzyme
catalyst proteins that adjust the orientation of reacting substances
Dynamic Equilibrium
No further changes take place in concentration of reactants/products. The rate of forward reaction is equal to the rate of the reverse reaction. Forward+ reverse reactions continue at the same rate.
Adding Reactant
expression shifts to the right toward products. more product is formed until equilibrium is reached again
Adding product
increase in collisions and more reactants are formed. expression shifts left toward reactants.
Removing reactant
Expression shifts toward reactions. Rate increases forming more reactants until equilibrium.
Removing product
Decrease in collisions of molecules. Rate increases and more product is formed continually.
Adding a Catalyst
speeds up reaction. Ratio of reactants and products are present (equal). Does not change the equilibrium mixture.
increasing / decreasing volume- solids
Density remains constant
Decreasing volume- gases
change in concentration occurs. concentration increases, system shifts in direction of smaller number of moles
Amphoteric
Substances that can act as both an acid and a base. Examples: water, bicarbonate ion, metal oxides, hydroxides, amino acids, salt.
The 6 strong Acids
HCI, HBr, HI, HNO3, H2SO4, HCIO4
Strong Bases
LiOH, NaOH, KOH, RbOH, CsOH, Ca(OH)2, Sr(OH)2, Ba(OH)2
Acids can be classified by :
monoprotic, diprotic, triprotic
The stronger the acid...
the weaker the base
The reaction always progresses to...
The weaker acid and weaker base
Three conditions required for a reaction to occur
Collision (reactants must collide), orientation (reactants align), and energy (provide energy activation)
Three factors that affect the rate of a reaction
Temperature, concentration, catalysts
An acid is:
sour, corrosive, more H ions, pH is less than 7
A Base is:
Bitter, slippery, chalky , more OH ions, pH greater than 7
Quiz |
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cree prepositions |
spainish 💵🤪💅👰♂️ |
Zenuwstelsel Y1-KT |
Chapter 6 - copy |
Axial/Appendicular Skeleton 4/5 - copy |
plant id week 2plant ID flashcards |
earth science vocab |
2do parcial EO |
Pansements et Soins de plaies |
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sound test |
sound vocab quiz |
Soins et Méthodes 2Asepsie chirurgicale et
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gestion le + important |
canada |
new zealand and pacific |
australia |
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Europe cities |
S.ASIA |
N.Asia |
S.E asia |
FAR Conceptual Framework |
gestion.2 |
diversité |
kap 16 |
Gestion.1 |
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cca stewardexam cca |
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Reading Trimester 2 Vocab |
cheri |
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german 19 |
cyber security chapter 8 |
cyber security chapter 7 flash cards |
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prep for midterm 2 (CELLS) |
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Bill of Rights Quiz |
Poderes Publicos de Venezuela |
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phrasel verb 4 |
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Chapter 6/9 |
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birthstonesfor work memorization |
Snabba Cash2 |
english test |
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Weimar germany |
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Duits allen woordenallerlei duits woorden |
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respitory system |
NKSE misären |
Mn153 20' January |
chemistry of environment |
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frasel verbe liste 3 |
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triads |
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PY1508.2 ~ {the mechanisms of myth} |
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cape town |
UNIT 1 Family stuides - copy |
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airline codes |
airline codes |
north america |
south and central america |
codes for caribbean |
codes for africa and middle east |
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friskvård och hälsa |
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HP verbal |
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frans 2 |
french words |
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anglais faux amis |
1FE155 Management Control and Financechapter 9 - lecture 3 |
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système cardiovasculaire |
french cinquante-deux A,B and E |
sociale psychologie |
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UNIT 1 Family stuides |
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interaction juridique |
Pharmacologie |
Gen Bio Long Quiz |
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shakespeare guilt |
bio unit1 |
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neuro |
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TW2les 1/2/3/4/5/6/7 af |
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analyses linéaires |
Psychologie H1 |
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behaviour of metals |
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practical lab 3 part 1body plans and phylum nematoda |
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Unit 6 del 3 |
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SCIENCE QUIZ FEB 29 |
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module 3 study guide |
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energy changes in reactions |
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Zone 3 Lecco |
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latn. 6 |
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work |
chapter 25origin and diversification of eukaryotes |
chapter 24early life and the diversification of prokaryotes |
anatomy |
chapter 23broad patterns of evolution |
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key terms 12.2 |
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devoir |
chapter 20evidence for evolution |
servir |
partir |
sentir |
Sortir |
using moles |
Dormir |
Pouvoir |
vouloir |
Midterm Practice Day 1I am choosing 6 questions per chapter of the testbank. |